Início Efeitos da melatonina no sistema auditivo: revisão de literatura
Saúde Pública
Efeitos da melatonina no sistema auditivo: revisão de literatura
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INTRODUCTION: Melatonin, recognized for its influence on sleep regulation, is attracting increasing interest due to its antioxidant properties. Although still under study, it is suggested that this substance may play a beneficial role in preventing hearing loss. REVIEW: A search was carried out in the BIREME, PUBMED AND SCIELO databases by combining the terms: melatonin, hearing, tinnitus, presbycusis, ototoxicity, and their respective terms in English. DISCUSSION: From searches in the databases, 272 articles were retrieved, from which 17 articles that addressed the proposed topic were selected using the exclusion criteria. FINAL REMARKS: It was verified through this review that melatonin can help prevent hearing loss caused by oxidative stress, due to its ability to eliminate free radicals generated in the cochlea.
Keywords: Hearing, Oxidative Stress, Melatonin, Ototoxicity, Hearing Loss, Sensorineural, Tinnitus.
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Identificação de traços psicopáticos em crianças
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This study aims to investigate the possible traits of antisocial personality disorder in childhood, discusses the behavioral deviation that deviates from pre-established social standards, assesses whether there is a traumatic social or family correlation related to the inserted environment that can stimulate the development of this psychopathological disorder in search of understanding and discussing the subject from a contextual point of view, the research will be carried out through a bibliographical review, it will be exploratory, applied and qualitative in nature, with the purpose of improving and updating knowledge. The analysis of the theme is necessary due to the behavior of children who have antisocial personality disorder traits since childhood, since it is an irreversible disorder, psychosocial, educational and inclusive interventions will be addressed that are differentiated for these children. So that early investigation intervenes in the model of behavior to be analyzed, helping family members to conduct the processes of behavioral identifications and help in the treatment of this disorder
Keywords: Psychopathy, personality, disorder, childhood, behavior, analysis.
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A notificação compulsória de sífilis em gestantes e a ocorrência de sífilis congênita: um estudo comparativo
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BACKGROUND: Syphilis, an infectious disease caused by Treponema pallidum, can lead to Congenital Syphilis (CS). Vertical transmission occurs through the bloodstream and is preventable with early diagnosis during prenatal care. The nurse plays a vital role, encouraging treatment and compulsory notification through SINAN, contributing to epidemiological control. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to analyze the data of diseases of notification of syphilis in pregnant women and congenital syphilis according to SINAN and describe the performance of nursing in the maternal-fetal binomial. METHODS: The methodology consisted of an exploratory and descriptive analysis of secondary data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) regarding cases of syphilis in pregnant women and congenital syphilis in the Federal District and São Paulo, between the years 2020 and 2021. RESULTS: The COVID-19 pandemic affected notifications, impairing proper monitoring. There was a reduction in cases of syphilis in pregnant women; however, an increase in cases of congenital syphilis was observed, possibly due to interruptions in reporting. Nurses play a crucial role in prenatal care, educating about syphilis, early diagnosis, and treatment adherence. Adequate prenatal care and proper treatment are essential to reduce vertical transmission. A preventive, inclusive, and high-quality approach is necessary to combat congenital syphilis. Primary Health Care should take responsibility for comprehensive care for pregnant women, aiming at effective prevention. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: In conclusion, the study highlights the need for syphilis notification, strengthening prenatal care, professional training, access to diagnostics, and emotional support. The commitment of nursing is vital to improve maternal and infant health outcomes and reduce adverse consequences.
Keywords: Prenatal care, congenital syphilis, gestational syphilis.
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Manejo clínico em pacientes com diagnóstico de coinfecção Tuberculose/HIV
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INTRODUCTION: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the oldest and most lethal infectious diseases in human history. Vulnerable groups, such as people experiencing homelessness and individuals with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), are particularly affected. Accurate diagnosis is essential, and treatment is standardized by the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS). Coinfection with HIV amplifies the challenge, making early diagnosis crucial. This scientific review explores the complexities of TB and HIV, analyzing strategies to address this duality in public health. REVIEW: The article covers tuberculosis and HIV history, highlighting their historical impact and evolution in diagnosis and treatment. It emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and appropriate treatment to control these diseases, which remain public health challenges in Brazil and around the world. DISCUSSION: Robust public policies are essential to ensure universal access to diagnosis, antiretroviral treatment, and appropriate antimicrobial therapy. Active pharmacist surveillance of treatment adherence is crucial to prevent resistance, drug interactions, and enhance clinical outcomes. Continuous patient education regarding treatment adherence and transmission prevention is determinative. Therefore, effective interventions not only improve patients' quality of life, but also curtail the spread of these diseases, contributing to public health. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The importance of early diagnosis is emphasized, especially in vulnerable populations where coinfection presents challenges. There is a need for public policies to ensure access to diagnostic services, antiretroviral treatment, and antibacterial therapy, as well as the importance of monitoring treatment adherence to prevent drug resistance. Patient education is crucial to enhance treatment adherence and preventive measures.
Keywords: coinfection, HIV, public health, treatment, Tuberculosis.
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Depressão pós-luto e o atendimento humanizado
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INTRODUCTION: The Post-bereavement depression represents psychic suffering that entails several relevant factors, which can go through life and negatively affect the life of the affected person, thus reflecting on a public health problem that needs attention. The present study aims to discuss the importance of humanized care by nursing professionals in patients diagnosed with post-bereavement depression. REVIEW: Post-bereavement depression is a psychological condition that can occur after the loss of a loved one. It is common to feel sadness, pain and longing after a loss, but when these feelings persist for a long period and begin to affect the person's quality of life, it can be a sign of post-bereavement depression, in this sense, humanized care can be an effective way to help people who are going through this difficult period. DISCUSSION: Humanized care means treating the person with empathy, respect and compassion, recognizing their pain and offering emotional support. Among the forms of humanized care that can help people with post-bereavement depression include Listening and validating the person's feelings and allowing the person to talk about their feelings and concerns, without judgment or criticism, as well as offering emotional support, showing empathy and compassion, respecting time and the grieving process, allowing the person to go through the grieving process in their own time and respecting their way of dealing with the loss. FINAL REMARKS: Post bereavement depression can be a difficult condition to deal with, but humanized care can support and help people to go through this difficult and complicated time, each subject is unique and understands grief according to their subjectivity, as well as each culture has its perception of death and mourning in a unique way from the others.
Keywords: Depression, Grief, Humanized service, Nursing.
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Efeitos adversos decorrentes da terapia prolongada com corticosteroides
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INTRODUCTION: Corticosteroids, cortisol derivative drugs, are commonly used to treat inflamatory, alergic, immunologic and oncologic diseases. Besides their benefits, they have to be carefully used because these medicine appears associated with umpteen side effects – some of then are severe and another ones are aesthetically undesirable. REVIEW: This bibliographic review shows the main side effects associated whit corticosteroid therapy. DISCUSSION: Osteoporosis, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, infections, cardiovascular diseases, Cushing syndrome, immunosuppression and psychiatric disorders are the most severe side effects related with systemic, prolonged or high dosage corticosteroid therapy. FINAL REMARKS: Corticosteroids are resorted to treat a huge number of health conditions. Thereat, it is necessary to recognize and comprehen all of their side effects so they can be wariness and properly prescribed.
Keywords: Side effects, Corticosteoids, Corticosteroid therapy, Adrenal supression, Cushing syndrome, hyperglycemia, osteoporosis.
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Desafios do enfermeiro no atendimento à gestante adolescente com ações educativas na estratégia da saúde da família
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INTRODUCTION: Teenage pregnancy represents a social phenomenon, even with the amount of information on health education. OBJECTIVE: to identify the challenges faced by nurses in care in the ESF to promote educational actions for pregnant adolescents. REVIEW: an integrative review, based on studies published in the Virtual Health Database. DISCUSSION: Adolescents have little information and are not psychologically prepared for the entire prenatal process, however teenage pregnancy is accompanied by many consequences, for this needs to be monitored. The professional's unpreparedness, the differences in the work environment and the lack of resources are the main challenges faced by the demand. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The results found showed the challenges of nurses and their association with teenage pregnancy. However, the challenges need to be further studied and researched more widely. From this perspective, it is important to promote concrete proposals on educational actions that talk about sexuality, family planning and basic rights for pregnant adolescents.
Keywords: Nurse's Challenges; Adolescent Pregnancy; Health Education; Family Health Strategy.
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Sobrevivência e fatores prognósticos no osteossarcoma: experiência de 11 anos de Hospital de Câncer Paraibano
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The objective was to analyze the clinical and sociodemographic profile that influenced the survival of patients with Osteosarcoma in the period from 2010 to 2021 in a regional cancer hospital, serving to contribute with regional and national data for a greater understanding of this disease. Methods Retrospective, observational and analytical cohort study. Quantitative approach, analysis of medical records of patients diagnosed with Osteosarcoma treated at a philanthropic hospital from 2010 to 2021, building survival regression models to identify predictors with statistical significance. Results Sixty-three medical records were evaluated, 63.3% male and 63.5% younger than 20 years old. Cox regression model obtained significance better than no predictor, [X2(1) = 17.137; p<0.01]. The predictors that were significant were: serum alkaline phosphatase levels at the first consultation (HR= 1.003; 95%CI= 1.001 – 1.004) and the presence of pulmonary metastasis (HR= 4.927; 95%CI= 1.756 – 13.825). Survival rate after the Cox model showed that in 5 years, patients with pulmonary metastasis have a survival rate of around 48%.
Keywords: : Osteosarcoma; Bone neoplasms; Logistic regression; Cox model.
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Efeitos da laserterapia de baixa intensidade como adjuvante no tratamento de lesão lacero contusa – Relato de Caso
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INTRODUCTION: Oral injuries of patients in Intensive Care Units (ICU) are recurrent, trauma to orotracheal intubation, tube fixation position and/or excessive pressure on the tissues are well established etiological factors, and may increase the length of stay and facilitate the proliferation of infectious processes, directly impacting on hospitalization costs and outcome of the grievance. OBJECTIVE: To report a multidisciplinary treatment of blunt lacerous trauma to the tongue with the integration of photobiomodulation tissue with low power laser. CASE REPORT: A 23 year old male patient, admitted to the Intensive Care Unit, victim of multiple traumas with evolution to an extensive ulcerated lesion with areas of granulation tissue in the lower lip, extending to the internal labial mucosa, of hardened consistency and significant depth, in addition to a traumatic injury with a lacerocontusion aspect in the dorsum and belly of the tongue, treated multidisciplinary through a prototype of mouth opening maintainer and reconstructive surgery by the oral and maxillofacial team. CONCLUSION: This report demonstrated some possibilities of treatment of a traumatic injury, and its management is still a great clinical/surgical challenge in dentistry and especially for patients in intensive care units (ICU`S) and that the interdisciplinary associated with integrative therapies impact positively on the final outcome.
Keywords: Laser Therapy, Treatment, multidisciplinarity, Dentistry.
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A clínica psicanalítica do transtorno do espectro autista
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INTRODUCTION: This research consists of a narrative literature review (RNL), in Brazilian bibliographical productions, with the objective of raising the diagnostic criteria, describing the etiology and the framework of the psychoanalytic orientation for autism, currently conceptualized as Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD), in Brazilian bibliographical productions, with the objective of raising the diagnostic criteria, describing the etiology and the main forms of psychoanalytic treatment for the Autism Spectrum Disorder. REVIEW: 3 databases were consulted BVS (Virtual Health Library), LILACS and GOOGLE SCHOLAR, 9 articles and a book were selected to compose the study sample. The criterion for choosing the material consisted of objectively addressing the applicability of the psychoanalytic approach as a treatment tool. DISCUSSION: Evidence demonstrates the breadth of analytical school techniques that favor the establishment of bonding, social interaction, and restore drive articulation. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: As a result of the research, it is concluded that the psychoanalytic clinic is committed to going beyond the spectral approach, addressing the autistic child as a subject, and not as an object to be normalized.
Keywords: clinic, psychoanalysis, autistic spectrum disorder.
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Mucosite oral – Terapia Antineoplásica
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INTRODUCTION: Oral cancer are malignant neoplasms that begin in the epithelium lining the mouth by the disorderly multiplication of defective or atypical cells, which cannot be completely eradicated by the immune system. Cancer treatments consist of eliminating neoplastic tissues through surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy or a combination of these three therapeutic modalities. However, the side effects caused by radio and chemotherapy are multiple, and among them oral mucositis stands out. REVIEW: Oral mucositis is characterized by inflammation of the soft tissues of the mouth (buccal and labial mucosa, floor of the mouth, ventral surface of the tongue and soft palate), observed in 40% of patients receiving chemotherapy, and in 8-10% of people undergoing radiotherapy. Its severity is determined by the type of radiation, the daily dose, the volume of irradiated tissue, the accumulated dose and the type, duration and dose of the medication used. And also, by extrinsic factors, such as alcohol abuse, poor oral hygiene and tobacco. DISCUSSION: Oral mucositis can be classified as: Grade 1 (asymptomatic or with mild symptoms, with no need for intervention); Grade 2 (moderate pain, a change in diet is indicated); Grade 3 (severe pain, patients unable to eat, requiring intervention); Grade 4 (life-threatening consequences requiring urgent intervention); Grade 5 (death). FINAL REMARKS: The treatment of oral mucositis consists of prevention and palliative care, which aim to alleviate pain and prevent the appearance of secondary infections. In other words, mouthwashes (sodium bicarbonate, saline solution 0.9%, chlorhexidine gluconate 0.12%, nystatin and palifermin); drugs (benzydamine hydrochloride and prostaglandins) and low-intensity laser, curative methods that have proven efficacy in the literature in the treatment of oral mucositis.
Keywords: Oral mucositis, malignant neoplasms, oncological treatment, oral cancer.
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Relato de caso: displasia ectodérmica anidrótica
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INTRODUCTION: Anhydrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia (ASD) is a rare genetic disease, with a sex ratio of 5 men to 1 woman. The typical manifestations are absence of sweat or sebaceous glands, changes in hair, nails and teeth. CASE REPORT: We present the case of a pregnant woman (G3P2C0A0) with a second child clinically affected by the disease and investigation of involvement in the fetus. DISCUSSION: ASD is a rare disease, prenatal care is of paramount importance for early diagnosis, as this way, it is possible to offer targeted treatment of the pathology from birth.
Keywords: anhydrotic ectodermal dysplasia, hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, infantile hypodontia, infantile hypotrichosis, hyperthermia in newborns.
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Tumor maligno da bainha do nervo periférico mimetizando neoplasia ovariana primária: relato de caso
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INTRODUCTION: The malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) is extremely rare and accounts for 5 to 10% of sarcoma cases. The clinical manifestations of MPNST include a growing painful mass. Symptoms are pain, paresthesia, neurological deficits, muscle weakness. CASE REPORT: We present the case of a woman with abdominal enlargement suspected of having primary ovarian neoplasm, who was later diagnosed with MPNST. DISCUSSION: The MPNST in the clinical case described, it is very rare due to the absence of risk factors. Its pelvic location makes the case even more atypical. MPNST it is a difficult neoplasm to diagnose, which explains the importance of case reports like this one about this clinical entity, in order to reduce the time of diagnosis and optimize the treatment.
Keywords: malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, sarcoma, soft-tissue.
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A importância do programa de treinamento e desenvolvimento para a melhoria do bem-estar de colaboradores de instituições de ensino
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This article presents theoretical knowledge about the importance of the training and development program to improve the well-being of employees of educational institutions. Due to technological, economic and social changes, training and development are increasingly gaining ground in these environments, where there is a perception that this tool has potential for the continuous development of people, using it to improve the company and the well-being of employees. collaborators. The study presents a review of qualitative research with a bibliographic nature, the structure had a descriptive character where the survey of information of the authors that are in books, publications in journals of scientific articles, monographs, dissertations and theses on the subject was carried out. With the research it was possible to consider many relevant aspects during the construction of knowledge in postgraduate studies in Organizational and Work Psychology. The investigation of the proposed theme was carried out from academic/scientific platforms Scielo, Psicologia e Sociedade, FUMEC, UNESP using instruments such as periodical articles, dissertations, monographs and books. The review of articles is linked to the descriptors of Training and development, Growth with T & D, Benefits in T & D. The results show a critical and synchronic discussion about the importance of training and development to improve the well-being of employees of educational institutions. Based on scientific evidence, it is understood that it is necessary to deepen knowledge, there is no intention of exhausting the discussion on the subject, but of expanding society's view of this fact, being able to investigate the importance of the training and development program for the improvement of the good -being of employees of educational institutions.
Keywords: Training and development, Growth with T & D, Benefits in T&D.
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Diretivas antecipadas de vontade: assistência aos pacientes em estado de finitude em Oncologia
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INTRODUCTION: Advance directives of will, documents that guarantee the preservation of the patient's autonomy, enabling the consent or refusal of certain treatments in the finitude stage of life. REVIEW: Integrative literature review study, and exploratory descriptive research. Articles with 5 years of publication, in Portuguese, whose main subject are advance directives of will, autonomy, terminality and palliative care are included. DISCUSSION: of the results obtained during a research carried out for the following study, three ideas were elaborated: Advance directives of communication, Dignity and autonomy and its relation with AD, Challenges in the applicability AD. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The importance of greater publicity regarding what is referred to as Advance Directives of Will and the advantages of their applicability is evidenced. It was found in the literature, the lack of knowledge of the general public and health professionals on a subject, which consequently, raises the lack of a respectful dialogue with family members and patients, regarding their rights and preservation of self-determination, depriving the patient, or adherence to end-of-life treatments.
Keywords: advance directives of will, autonomy, palliative care, terminality.
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Mortalidade por abdome agudo por causas ginecológicas em mulheres em idade fértil e o IDH das regiões brasileiras (2010-2019): um estudo ecológico
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INTRODUCTION: The acute abdomen is characterized by acute and sudden pain, with high incidence and mortality rates, and may be caused by gynecological conditions, with the quality of the service offered and timely access indicative of a good prognosis. The Human Development Index (HDI) is a measure that evaluates the human condition in three dimensions: income, education and health. OBJECTIVE: Analyze the correlation between mortality of women of childbearing age (FIM) due to gynecological acute abdomen and the HDI of the Brazilian regions from 2010 to 2019.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ecological study, which used data from DATASUS and the United Nations Development Plan. To analyze the correlation between HDI and mortality in FIM, the Spearman correlation test was performed. It was considered statistically significant p<0.05. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: 635 FIM deaths were identified in Brazil due to causes related to gynecological acute abdomen in the period. Of these, most were concentrated in the Southeast region (312 deaths) and, lastly, in the Midwest (48 deaths). However, when we stratify these data by the population exposed to risk, we observe that the North region stands out. When analyzing the HDI, we noticed significant discrepancies between the states of the Northeast and Southeast. When comparing HDIs and FIM mortality through Spearman's correlation, a correlation coefficient of R=0.038 and p value=0.835 was identified, thus highlighting that there is no correlation between these variables. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: We conclude that there was a paucity of data in the analyzed period, especially in the North region. And, although no correlations were found between mortality and the HDIs of the Brazilian regions, it is emphasized that low human development reflects a negative impact on the health of communities.
Keywords: acute abdômen, HDI, mortality.
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Política nacional de humanização do SUS: importância e implementação em unidade de nefrologia
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INTRODUCTION: The assistance to renal patients, given the various losses they experience, should be focused on biopsychosocial care, integral and continued, culminating in the effectiveness of the service performed through a multidisciplinary team. These characteristics talk to the recommended in the National Humanization Policy (PNH). OBJECTIVE: Therefore, the present study aims to investigate whether humanization strategies based on the axes and principles of PNH are known, applied and valued in the context of care for nephropathic patients, under the view of the professionals of the nephrology unit of the SUS in Brasília-DF. Methods: Descriptive exploratory study, qualitative approach and phenomenological method, with author’s authorship form produced based on PNH guidelines. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: High valuation of PNH was identified, especially to the guidelines that converge in the interpersonal treatment and quality of aesthetic and ethical service, with no significant difference between professional categories. Less importance was given to political guidelines, corresponding to group, advisory and horizontal decision-making processes. Regarding the implementation of PNH in the sector, the perception of the interviewees reflects the aforementioned results, adding deficit in individualized care and collaboration between professionals and users in decision-making processes. As for the declared knowledge of the PNH, multiprofessional residents, absolutely, affirmed to know the policy while the effective professionals and medical residents mostly did not know it. Concerning the referral of humanized actions in the sector by professional category, observed self-administered bias in the feasibility of these actions. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: There is an appreciation of the PNH in the sector, since the practical actions are perceived in a superficial way and focused on the operationalization of the service, with deficit as the understanding/ practice of the integrality of the assistance and its political character. There was a lack of management, lack of dialogue between professionals-management-users and deficit in continuing education in care.
Keywords: nephrology, humanization of assistance, national humanization policy.
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Aspectos psicológicos e sociais que contribuem para dificuldade no acesso de pacientes renais crônicos ao transplante renal
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INTRODUCTION: The research explains the concept of kidney disease, quality of life promotion indexes linked to transplant treatment, as well as the social and psychological factors that permeate the process of kidney disease. OBJECTIVE: to investigate the causality relationship between social and psychological factors with low adherence to treatment in kidney transplantation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Exploratory study with a qualitative and quantitative approach analyzed by the method of content analysis of Bardin with application of two questionnaires of own authorship, produced with focus on collecting psychological and social aspects related to renal transplants. RESULTS: We found cohesive sociodemographic profiles among participants, with no greater disparities between users, with no factors that brought benefits or losses. Regarding the psychological aspects, it was found the presence of emotional factors related to the elaboration of mourning, feelings of less value, conflicts with self-image, impairment in autonomy and anxiety and depressive symptoms that may or may not be related to low adherence to renal transplantation. CONCLUSIONS: The influence of psychological and social factors on the reduced level of adherence to transplantation is observed However, the deficits related to the public health system stand out, in relation to the non length of regulations regarding the referral of patients to the transplant center and effective health education programs.
Keywords: Renal transplantation, Psychological aspects, Chronic kidney disease, Hemodialysis.
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Estudo de casos múltiplos para identificação de alterações cognitivas em pacientes pós-infecção por COVID-19
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BACKGROUND: The extent of the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic for patients who survived the infection still needs to be evaluated, both in physical terms and in terms of psychological functioning. OBJECTIVE: This research aimed to investigate possible cognitive changes after being infected by COVID-19. METHODS: 3 case studies were carried out with participants who had COVID-19, with no history of cognitive difficulties prior to the infection. In each case, a Psychological Assessment process was carried out consisting of life history, anamnesis and application of the Wechsler Abbreviated Intelligence Scale and the Brazilian version of the Bells Cancellation Test. RESULTS: The results showed that all participants had post-COVID-19 cognitive changes, especially changes in executive functions that were significant and independent of the severity of symptoms presented during the period of COVID-19 involvement. CONCLUSIONS: All participants have a history of successful professional and social performance, with significant changes after the COVID-19 infection, corroborating the literature regarding the potential neurological effects of the new coronavirus.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, Cognitive Dysfunction, Applied Psychology.
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O cenário epidemiológico mundial em 2020, suas consequências e a importância em investimentos humanos e financeiros em pesquisas científicas
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Introduction: The global public health crisis caused by the new Coronavirus (COVID 19) and the spread of the disease around the world has brought a new and critical scenario for everyone. Review: The world epidemiological scenario reinforces the importance of science and scientific research focused on epidemiology in public health to design public health policies and work strategies aimed at the quality of public health, especially in developing countries. Discussion: How all countries in the world have been suffering more from the consequences of this disease. The present work carried out a literature review that aims to highlight the role of research against diseases of public interest. Final considerations: It is concluded that public health services must be combined with scientific research to adequately promote actions that generate well-being for the population.
Keywords: Epidemiology, COVID 19, Public Health, People.
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Cirurgia bariátrica e câncer gástrico: uma revisão sistemática
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: Introduction: Studies show that there is a correlation between waist circumference and visceral fat with a higher risk for cancer of the esophageal-gastric junction. The risk of gastric cancer after bariatric surgery has also not been established. The aim of this work is to conduct a systematic literature review to investigate the relation between gastric cancer and bariatric surgery Review: The research was carried out in the SciELO, MEDLINE and Google Scholar databases, using the PubMed search engine. The keywords were: "gastric cancer" AND "bariatric surgery", with selected publications from the last five years (since 2016), English or Portuguese and human trials. Discussion: A total of eight publications were selected, four of which were obtained from the MEDLINE database and four from Google Scholar. It was seen that few studies address the proposed topic, which indicates that the between gastric cancer and bariatric surgery is still little discussed and little is known about whether there is a correlation between them. Most studies suggest that post-bariatric surgery cancer is a rare condition. However, it is known that many cases are not reported or have been poorly studied, which may interfere with epidemiological data. Final considerations: There is a possibility of post-bariatric cancer, which is often not diagnosed due to nonspecific symptoms. There is a need for further studies on this relation, as the number of bariatric surgeries is increasing and at the same time incomplete data or underdiagnosis of cancer in these patients has been reported.
Keywords: gastric cancer, bariatric surgery, obesity.
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Prevalence of Gram-negative rods antibiotic resistance in public Brazilian hospital
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Resumo: Introdução: As bactérias Gram negativas não fermentadoras e as da família Enterobacteriaceae estão intimamente relacionadas às infecções hospitalares, e com diminuição da sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos. Objetivo: Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a prevalência de resistência aos carbapenêmicos em Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii e Enterobacteriaceae. Material e métodos: As amostras e teste de suscetibilidade antimicrobiana recuperados pelo laboratório credenciado pelo hospital, com atendimento exclusivo pelo Sistema Único de Saúde, nos anos de 2013 a 2017. Resultados e discussão: Observou-se que dentre as infecções graves, as pneumonias foram as mais prevalentes tanto em P. aeruginosa, quanto em A. baumannii e Enterobacteriaceae na corrente sanguínea, em homens, acima de 61 anos, em mais da metade do tempo de estudo, predominantemente em UTI. Além disso, o principal fenótipo para os não fermentadores foi MBL e Enterobacteriaceae KPC. Considerações finais: A resistência a múltiplas drogas reflete a combinação de mecanismos de resistência e o uso da vigilância epidemiológica para identificar os problemas e riscos de infecção aliados à prática de medidas de prevenção e controle podem auxiliar na redução das infecções.
Palavras-chave: Acinetobacter baumannii, enterobacteriaceae, infecção hospitalar, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, mecanismos de resistência.
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Preditivos de falha de decanulação em um hospital de referência em trauma na região Norte
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Introduction: Placing a tracheostomy is a procedure commonly performed in intensive care units (ICU), with well-established protocols, so after tracheostomy, it is necessary to discuss and build work instructions that establish safe standards for safe weaning of the patient. tracheostomy (TQT). Objective: Investigate factors and or predictive events of failure in decannulation, using an institutional flowchart. Method: It was an analytical, retrospective, quantitative, and descriptive study, which occurred through the analysis of data available in the operating system of the Metropolitan Hospital of Urgency and Emergency, in which 128 patients admitted from January to December were analyzed 2019 who underwent tracheostomy, all over 18 years of age, in which 36 participants were included within the research criteria, who were considered to have decannulation failure. Results: 36 adults showed failure at some stage of the decannulation process, 12 of which were female and 24 were male, with an average age of 39.9 years. The most common diagnoses were traumatic brain injury (TBI) 29, followed by face trauma 7, spinal trauma (TRM) 5, firearm injury (FAF) 3, stab wound (FAB) 2 and finally 1 patient with burn trauma. Conclusion: The research demonstrated that dysphagia was the most pertinent factor of failure in decannulation among the predictors investigated. Also opening up a discussion about the need to update the decannulation flowchart used in the referred research hospital.
Keywords: Decannulation, Dysphagia, Deglutition, Public health, Tracheostomy.
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Políticas públicas para a saúde do idoso – uma análise acerca das atuais políticas públicas voltadas para o idoso
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This article aims to discuss about public policies that are aimed at the elderly in Brazil. Thus, this discussion is necessary because many elderly people still feel discriminated against in our country, because often the treatment given to them in society does not correspond with their reality. Many elderly people can still contribute a lot to the growth of our society and can also engage in the labor market, with the exception of those who have some pathology. Old age is not a disease, but a natural process of the human being that does not prevent them from thinking and acting in society. Our discussion is based on the Statute of the Elderly and on authors such as Soares (2012), Boneti (1997), among others who are dedicated to the study of the theme.
Keywords: elderly, elderly health, public policies, autonomy.
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Síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono e sua relação com a odontologia: Revisão de Literatura
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Introduction: The common need for functioning is a functioning problem during basic sleep functioning. It is because of the total or partial cause of the air passage for ten or more seconds micro-awakening, in addition to the feeling of suffocation. Review and discussion: The work carried out thorough literary review and introduced, according to the authors, growth hyperplasia and growth change in the upper airway are exacerbating factors of the syndrome; Mouth breathing has been proposed as a cause of dental caries and caries. Final considerations: The Dental Surgeon is important to help in the diagnosis by knowing the main disorders of this distraction and offering palliative treatment with intra-oral appliances or orthognathic surgeries, and may also participate in multidisciplinary treatments.
Keywords: obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, sleep disorder.
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A prevalência, anos vividos com incapacidade e óbitos devido a utilização de opioides por diferentes faixas etárias e locais do mundo: um estudo Global Burden of Disease
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Introduction: Pain is an unpleasant sensation with a significant potential to decrease people's quality of life. Chronic pain has a prevalence of almost 30% of Brazilian elderly and reaches 50% in developed countries. Thus, as the process of chronic pain in the world worsens, there is an increase in the use of opioids and, with that, the progressive loss of the functional capacity of these individuals. The objective of the present study was to recognize the prevalence of mortality and disability. Material and Methods: This study was carried out using the Global Health Data Exchange (GHDx) database, which is a database collected and analyzed by a consortium of more than 3,600 researchers in more than 145 countries. Analyzed data from four countries (developed and emerging) in America comparing the periods of 1990 and 2019. Results and Discussion: Comparing the prevalence of opioid use between 1990 and 2019 in Canada, USA, Brazil and Argentina, it is possible to verify a significant increase in values. Regarding mortality, we can observe that in 1990 the mortality in Canada was 352.48 and in 2019 it was 1,866.68, in the USA the value of 4,352.16 in 1990 advances to 47,336.67 in 2019, in Brazil the rate was 37.49 in 1990 and 132.75 in 2019 and in Argentina the value went from 14.45 to 48.16 in 2019. Considerations: This study demonstrated through numerical data the increase in the use of opioids in important countries of America in its various aspects, from its prevalence of use to the number of deaths caused by the abusive and indiscriminate use of these drugs. The study should encourage managers, physicians and patients to adopt new behaviors and care considering the use of opioids.
Keywords: opioids, chronic pain, functional disability.
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Alterações estomatognáticas da microcefalia causada por Zika Vírus: Revisão de Literatura
Resumo:
Zika Virus is an arbovirus capable of causing fetal brain anomalies associated with maternal infection. These occur in the first two gestational trimesters; among them stands out microcephaly, a neurological disorder whose occiptofrontal perimeter is below the average for race, age and sex. The discovery of Zika as a new etiological factor for microcephaly alerts the health system, due to the epidemic that occurred in Brazil in 2015. The purpose of this study was to perform a literature review on the main stomatognathic alterations in microcephaly by Zika Virus and its importance for dentistry, as well as the benefits of this practice to such patients. A bibliographic survey was performed using scientific articles in English and Portuguese, published in the last 10 years, with the aid of scientific platforms such as Pubmed and Scielo. Although there are few scientific papers addressing Microcephaly by Zika and its orofacial effects, we conclude that the knowledge of this congenital infection and its orofacial alterations by the dental surgeon is indispensable to offer higher quality in the treatment of microcephaly, adapting the clinical conduct to the individual needs, always allying to a multiprofessional approach.
Keywords: Microcephaly, Zika virus, Orofacial abnormalities, Dental care.
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A atuação do enfermeiro no acompanhamento de pacientes oncológicos sob cuidados paliativos
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Introduction: Oncology is the area of cancer-related research. The most advanced stage of cancer can lead to the terminal state, which is a time when the disease becomes "unrecoverable" for the nursing team, heading towards death without anyone being able to do anything to change its destiny, except how it goes spend your final moments. Objective: To analyze the scientific evidence related to nurses' interventions in cancer patients during the terminal phase. Methodology: This is an integrative review. Open access scientific articles published in scientific journals between 2013 and 2021 were categorized. At the end of the evaluation stages, we selected 7 articles that enabled the execution of this study. Results and discussion: Three main pieces of information were identified regarding the work of nurses for palliative care, which are: importance of nursing communication in palliative patient care; the pharmacological and non-pharmacological care procedures performed by nurses; and the main professional difficulties that nurses face in patient care. Conclusion: Communication is the basis of nurses' work in palliative care. The uses of treatments aim to reduce the patient's symptoms and pain, increasing their quality of life during their final moments. And among the challenges, the service overload, the lack of resources and protocols to perform palliative care and the possibility of suffering the impacts of the negative feelings that the patient and family have at that time stand out.
Keywords: palliative care, nursing, Oncology.
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O perfil dos pacientes com acidente vascular encefálico atendidos em um centro especializado em reabilitação e o risco de lesão por pressão
Resumo:
Introduction: Stroke is the sudden interruption of blood flow to some region of the brain, which causes symptoms such as plegia, dysarthria, syncope, dizziness and headache. It can be classified as ischemic or hemorrhagic. Objective: the study aimed to identify the profile of patients with cerebrovascular accident and risk of pressure injury. Material and methods: This is a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional and field study, carried out in a Specialized Center in Rehabilitation of a school clinic, in the extreme south of Santa Catarina. 41 patients with cerebrovascular accident took part in the research. Data were collected during their care at the Specialized Rehabilitation Center, using a closed-ended questionnaire to establish the profile of patients and application of the Braden Scale. Results and discussion: The data revealed more men, most aged over 60 years, white, with complete high school, married, at risk of pressure injury. Final considerations: The prevention of patients with stroke prevents and treats complications, in addition to providing a better quality of life.
Keywords: pressure ulcer, health profile, cerebrovascular stroke.
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