Número atual: 9 (2022)

Identificação de traços psicopáticos em crianças

Resumo: This study aims to investigate the possible traits of antisocial personality disorder in childhood, discusses the behavioral deviation that deviates from pre-established social standards, assesses whether there is a traumatic social or family correlation related to the inserted environment that can stimulate the development of this psychopathological disorder in search of understanding and discussing the subject from a contextual point of view, the research will be carried out through a bibliographical review, it will be exploratory, applied and qualitative in nature, with the purpose of improving and updating knowledge. The analysis of the theme is necessary due to the behavior of children who have antisocial personality disorder traits since childhood, since it is an irreversible disorder, psychosocial, educational and inclusive interventions will be addressed that are differentiated for these children. So that early investigation intervenes in the model of behavior to be analyzed, helping family members to conduct the processes of behavioral identifications and help in the treatment of this disorder Keywords: Psychopathy, personality, disorder, childhood, behavior, analysis. Expandir Resumo Acessar Texto Completo

Biomarcadores Troponina I e T no Diagnóstico do Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio

Resumo: Troponins (cTn), also known as cardiac biomarkers, are proteins that regulate muscle contraction, both in skeletal and cardiac muscle. Its molecule is composed of three subunits: troponin I (cTnI), troponin T (cTnT), and troponin C (cTnC). cTn plays a key role in the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) due to its high cardio-specificity and its prolonged release into the bloodstream after a cardiac injury. They can be identified through specific tests. The elevation of cTn levels indicates the presence of an infarction, with the release starting a few hours after the onset of symptoms. Blood tests are used for the detection and interpretation of cTn levels, and the diagnosis of AMI is established when the concentration exceeds a predefined threshold. However, in addition to indicating AMI, cTn can be detected in other pathological conditions, both cardiac and non-cardiac, such as: high blood pressure in the lungs, pulmonary embolism, congestive heart failure, inflammation of the cardiac muscles, and chronic kidney disease. This fact should be taken into consideration when analyzing the results, to avoid false positives. In summary, the determination of cTn levels plays an important role in the clinical evaluation of patients with suspected AMI, allowing for a precise and rapid diagnosis, with the aim of increasing population survival. Keywords: Cardiac biomarkers, acute myocardial infarction, troponin I and T, troponin assays, 99th percentile. Expandir Resumo Acessar Texto Completo

Recomendaciones nutricionales en dietas vegetariano-veganas para embarazadas y niños durante las diferentes etapas de la vida

Resumo:
  1. INTRODUCTION: Nowadays, vegetarian diets have been shown to have benefits on health, hence this type of diet is growing worldwide. However, in more critical stages of life such as pregnancy, breastfeeding, childhood and adolescence, it is necessary to take into account the possible risks that affect the development and growth of children, caused by a nutritional deficit. 2. REVIEW: The aim of this work is to carry out a bibliographical review of the latest scientific evidence on how vegetarian and vegan diets affect nutritional and health status in the different most critical stages of life. Also, the importance of advising vegetarian-vegan parents on the importance of eating a balanced and well-planned diet, using the Harvard Plato food guide and appropriate culinary techniques to improve the absorption of nutrients, also taking into account the use of fortified foods or supplements where necessary. 3. DISCUSSION: The most critical nutrients in this type of diet are proteins, fatty acids, iron, zinc, calcium, vitamin D, vitamin B12 and iodine. This is a consequence of the fact that there are dietary factors that affect absorption or they are not present in food. Therefore, to obtain a complete and balanced diet, nutritional recommendations must be followed along with appropriate culinary techniques. 4. FINAL REMARKS: vegetarian diets, especially lacto-ovo-vegetarians, during the most critical stages of life, can satisfy nutritional requirements, approaching official dietary recommendations and even obtaining health benefits. However, vegan diets are associated with an increased risk of nutritional deficits, so the need for a nutritionist will be mandatory.
Keywords: education, childhood, nutrition, vegan children, vegetarian children.
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A notificação compulsória de sífilis em gestantes e a ocorrência de sífilis congênita: um estudo comparativo

Resumo: BACKGROUND: Syphilis, an infectious disease caused by Treponema pallidum, can lead to Congenital Syphilis (CS). Vertical transmission occurs through the bloodstream and is preventable with early diagnosis during prenatal care. The nurse plays a vital role, encouraging treatment and compulsory notification through SINAN, contributing to epidemiological control. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to analyze the data of diseases of notification of syphilis in pregnant women and congenital syphilis according to SINAN and describe the performance of nursing in the maternal-fetal binomial. METHODS: The methodology consisted of an exploratory and descriptive analysis of secondary data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) regarding cases of syphilis in pregnant women and congenital syphilis in the Federal District and São Paulo, between the years 2020 and 2021. RESULTS: The COVID-19 pandemic affected notifications, impairing proper monitoring. There was a reduction in cases of syphilis in pregnant women; however, an increase in cases of congenital syphilis was observed, possibly due to interruptions in reporting. Nurses play a crucial role in prenatal care, educating about syphilis, early diagnosis, and treatment adherence. Adequate prenatal care and proper treatment are essential to reduce vertical transmission. A preventive, inclusive, and high-quality approach is necessary to combat congenital syphilis. Primary Health Care should take responsibility for comprehensive care for pregnant women, aiming at effective prevention. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: In conclusion, the study highlights the need for syphilis notification, strengthening prenatal care, professional training, access to diagnostics, and emotional support. The commitment of nursing is vital to improve maternal and infant health outcomes and reduce adverse consequences. Keywords: Prenatal care, congenital syphilis, gestational syphilis. Expandir Resumo Acessar Texto Completo

Descompressão de queratocisto odontogênico seguida de enucleação, curetagem e aplicação de solução de carnoy – Relato de caso

Resumo: Odontogenic keratocyst is a different form of developmental odontogenic cyst that deserves special consideration because of its specific histopathological characteristics and clinical behavior. The ideal treatment for odontogenic keratocysts is a subject of debate among surgeons; however, treatments known as conservative among surgeons have shown good results when used as complementary treatment. Decompression treatment has been shown to be a promising alternative, but despite good results, this type of treatment depends of patient's cooperation. This paper aims to report a clinical case of an odontogenic keratocyst decompression in the right mandibular body and branch using Elixir Sanativo® Phytotherapy for irrigation. Then, enucleation and curettage were performed with Carnoy's solution.  Significant remodeling of the cortical bone, extinguishment of the lesion and bone neoformation were observed, with no signs of relapse until now. There is a return of normal stomatognathic function in this clinical case report with a 2-year follow-up in total. Keywords: Odontogenic Keratocyst, Decompression, Phytotherapy. Expandir Resumo Acessar Texto Completo

Manejo clínico em pacientes com diagnóstico de coinfecção Tuberculose/HIV

Resumo: INTRODUCTION: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the oldest and most lethal infectious diseases in human history. Vulnerable groups, such as people experiencing homelessness and individuals with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), are particularly affected. Accurate diagnosis is essential, and treatment is standardized by the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS). Coinfection with HIV amplifies the challenge, making early diagnosis crucial. This scientific review explores the complexities of TB and HIV, analyzing strategies to address this duality in public health. REVIEW: The article covers tuberculosis and HIV history, highlighting their historical impact and evolution in diagnosis and treatment. It emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and appropriate treatment to control these diseases, which remain public health challenges in Brazil and around the world. DISCUSSION: Robust public policies are essential to ensure universal access to diagnosis, antiretroviral treatment, and appropriate antimicrobial therapy. Active pharmacist surveillance of treatment adherence is crucial to prevent resistance, drug interactions, and enhance clinical outcomes. Continuous patient education regarding treatment adherence and transmission prevention is determinative. Therefore, effective interventions not only improve patients' quality of life, but also curtail the spread of these diseases, contributing to public health. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The importance of early diagnosis is emphasized, especially in vulnerable populations where coinfection presents challenges. There is a need for public policies to ensure access to diagnostic services, antiretroviral treatment, and antibacterial therapy, as well as the importance of monitoring treatment adherence to prevent drug resistance. Patient education is crucial to enhance treatment adherence and preventive measures. Keywords: coinfection, HIV, public health, treatment, Tuberculosis. Expandir Resumo Acessar Texto Completo

A utilização das dietas hiperproteicas

Resumo: Hyperproteic diets are characterized by high consumption of proteins in relation to other nutrients. These diets have been popular, particularly among exercisers and people who want to lose weight. The main goal is to increase protein intake to promote satiety, preserve muscle mass and encourage fat burning. This work It is a bibliographical research with the objective of describing and discussing the use of high protein diets, from the contextual point of view. After reviewing the literature and analyzing the data, it is possible to conclude that they offer potential health benefits. Studies demonstrate that a high-protein diet can lead to improved body composition, increased muscle mass and body weight control. However, it is important to emphasize the possible risks and precautions associated with these diets, such as renal overload, nutritional deficiencies and impact on the cardiovascular system. Keywords: Physical activity, nutritional balance, high-protein diets, proteins, Fat Burning, muscle mass. Expandir Resumo Acessar Texto Completo

Ferimento provocado por arma branca impactada em região maxilofacial: Relato de caso

Resumo: INTRODUCTION: Injuries to the maxillofacial region caused by stabbing weapons, despite being little reported, may present high risk for the patient. Moreover, because this area is composed of noble anatomical structures, penetrating injuries can be highly complex to treat due to their difficult access. CASE REPORT: Male patient 21 years old, victim of a stabbing injury, object stuck in the face, was attended to in the emergency department of the Sergipe Emergency Hospital, presenting on clinical examination with a penetrated foreign body in the back of nose region. After requesting an imaging exam the involvement of the affected area was confirmed with a subsequent surgical approach. DISCUSSION: Anatomical knowledge of the maxillofacial region is of paramount importance for better treatment management, since functional and aesthetic factors are involved in the resolution of these lesions. Keywords: Stab wounds, wounds and injuries, maxillofacial trauma. Expandir Resumo Acessar Texto Completo

Depressão pós-luto e o atendimento humanizado

Resumo: INTRODUCTION: The Post-bereavement depression represents psychic suffering that entails several relevant factors, which can go through life and negatively affect the life of the affected person, thus reflecting on a public health problem that needs attention. The present study aims to discuss the importance of humanized care by nursing professionals in patients diagnosed with post-bereavement depression. REVIEW: Post-bereavement depression is a psychological condition that can occur after the loss of a loved one. It is common to feel sadness, pain and longing after a loss, but when these feelings persist for a long period and begin to affect the person's quality of life, it can be a sign of post-bereavement depression, in this sense, humanized care can be an effective way to help people who are going through this difficult period. DISCUSSION: Humanized care means treating the person with empathy, respect and compassion, recognizing their pain and offering emotional support. Among the forms of humanized care that can help people with post-bereavement depression include Listening and validating the person's feelings and allowing the person to talk about their feelings and concerns, without judgment or criticism, as well as offering emotional support, showing empathy and compassion, respecting time and the grieving process, allowing the person to go through the grieving process in their own time and respecting their way of dealing with the loss. FINAL REMARKS: Post bereavement depression can be a difficult condition to deal with, but humanized care can support and help people to go through this difficult and complicated time, each subject is unique and understands grief according to their subjectivity, as well as each culture has its perception of death and mourning in a unique way from the others. Keywords: Depression, Grief, Humanized service, Nursing. Expandir Resumo Acessar Texto Completo

Efeitos adversos decorrentes da terapia prolongada com corticosteroides

Resumo: INTRODUCTION: Corticosteroids, cortisol derivative drugs, are commonly used to treat inflamatory, alergic, immunologic and oncologic diseases. Besides their benefits, they have to be carefully used because these medicine appears associated with umpteen side effects – some of then are severe and another ones are aesthetically undesirable. REVIEW: This bibliographic review shows the main side effects associated whit corticosteroid therapy. DISCUSSION: Osteoporosis, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, infections, cardiovascular diseases, Cushing syndrome, immunosuppression and psychiatric disorders are the most severe side effects related with systemic, prolonged or high dosage corticosteroid therapy. FINAL REMARKS: Corticosteroids are resorted to treat a huge number of health conditions. Thereat, it is necessary to recognize and comprehen all of their side effects so they can be wariness and properly prescribed. Keywords: Side effects, Corticosteoids, Corticosteroid therapy, Adrenal supression, Cushing syndrome, hyperglycemia, osteoporosis. Expandir Resumo Acessar Texto Completo