Início Efeitos da melatonina no sistema auditivo: revisão de literatura
Artigo de Revisão
Efeitos da melatonina no sistema auditivo: revisão de literatura
Resumo:
INTRODUCTION: Melatonin, recognized for its influence on sleep regulation, is attracting increasing interest due to its antioxidant properties. Although still under study, it is suggested that this substance may play a beneficial role in preventing hearing loss. REVIEW: A search was carried out in the BIREME, PUBMED AND SCIELO databases by combining the terms: melatonin, hearing, tinnitus, presbycusis, ototoxicity, and their respective terms in English. DISCUSSION: From searches in the databases, 272 articles were retrieved, from which 17 articles that addressed the proposed topic were selected using the exclusion criteria. FINAL REMARKS: It was verified through this review that melatonin can help prevent hearing loss caused by oxidative stress, due to its ability to eliminate free radicals generated in the cochlea.
Keywords: Hearing, Oxidative Stress, Melatonin, Ototoxicity, Hearing Loss, Sensorineural, Tinnitus.
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Identificação de traços psicopáticos em crianças
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This study aims to investigate the possible traits of antisocial personality disorder in childhood, discusses the behavioral deviation that deviates from pre-established social standards, assesses whether there is a traumatic social or family correlation related to the inserted environment that can stimulate the development of this psychopathological disorder in search of understanding and discussing the subject from a contextual point of view, the research will be carried out through a bibliographical review, it will be exploratory, applied and qualitative in nature, with the purpose of improving and updating knowledge. The analysis of the theme is necessary due to the behavior of children who have antisocial personality disorder traits since childhood, since it is an irreversible disorder, psychosocial, educational and inclusive interventions will be addressed that are differentiated for these children. So that early investigation intervenes in the model of behavior to be analyzed, helping family members to conduct the processes of behavioral identifications and help in the treatment of this disorder
Keywords: Psychopathy, personality, disorder, childhood, behavior, analysis.
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Biomarcadores Troponina I e T no Diagnóstico do Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio
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Troponins (cTn), also known as cardiac biomarkers, are proteins that regulate muscle contraction, both in skeletal and cardiac muscle. Its molecule is composed of three subunits: troponin I (cTnI), troponin T (cTnT), and troponin C (cTnC). cTn plays a key role in the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) due to its high cardio-specificity and its prolonged release into the bloodstream after a cardiac injury. They can be identified through specific tests. The elevation of cTn levels indicates the presence of an infarction, with the release starting a few hours after the onset of symptoms. Blood tests are used for the detection and interpretation of cTn levels, and the diagnosis of AMI is established when the concentration exceeds a predefined threshold. However, in addition to indicating AMI, cTn can be detected in other pathological conditions, both cardiac and non-cardiac, such as: high blood pressure in the lungs, pulmonary embolism, congestive heart failure, inflammation of the cardiac muscles, and chronic kidney disease. This fact should be taken into consideration when analyzing the results, to avoid false positives. In summary, the determination of cTn levels plays an important role in the clinical evaluation of patients with suspected AMI, allowing for a precise and rapid diagnosis, with the aim of increasing population survival.
Keywords: Cardiac biomarkers, acute myocardial infarction, troponin I and T, troponin assays, 99th percentile.
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Recomendaciones nutricionales en dietas vegetariano-veganas para embarazadas y niños durante las diferentes etapas de la vida
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- INTRODUCTION: Nowadays, vegetarian diets have been shown to have benefits on health, hence this type of diet is growing worldwide. However, in more critical stages of life such as pregnancy, breastfeeding, childhood and adolescence, it is necessary to take into account the possible risks that affect the development and growth of children, caused by a nutritional deficit. 2. REVIEW: The aim of this work is to carry out a bibliographical review of the latest scientific evidence on how vegetarian and vegan diets affect nutritional and health status in the different most critical stages of life. Also, the importance of advising vegetarian-vegan parents on the importance of eating a balanced and well-planned diet, using the Harvard Plato food guide and appropriate culinary techniques to improve the absorption of nutrients, also taking into account the use of fortified foods or supplements where necessary. 3. DISCUSSION: The most critical nutrients in this type of diet are proteins, fatty acids, iron, zinc, calcium, vitamin D, vitamin B12 and iodine. This is a consequence of the fact that there are dietary factors that affect absorption or they are not present in food. Therefore, to obtain a complete and balanced diet, nutritional recommendations must be followed along with appropriate culinary techniques. 4. FINAL REMARKS: vegetarian diets, especially lacto-ovo-vegetarians, during the most critical stages of life, can satisfy nutritional requirements, approaching official dietary recommendations and even obtaining health benefits. However, vegan diets are associated with an increased risk of nutritional deficits, so the need for a nutritionist will be mandatory.
Manejo clínico em pacientes com diagnóstico de coinfecção Tuberculose/HIV
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INTRODUCTION: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the oldest and most lethal infectious diseases in human history. Vulnerable groups, such as people experiencing homelessness and individuals with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), are particularly affected. Accurate diagnosis is essential, and treatment is standardized by the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS). Coinfection with HIV amplifies the challenge, making early diagnosis crucial. This scientific review explores the complexities of TB and HIV, analyzing strategies to address this duality in public health. REVIEW: The article covers tuberculosis and HIV history, highlighting their historical impact and evolution in diagnosis and treatment. It emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and appropriate treatment to control these diseases, which remain public health challenges in Brazil and around the world. DISCUSSION: Robust public policies are essential to ensure universal access to diagnosis, antiretroviral treatment, and appropriate antimicrobial therapy. Active pharmacist surveillance of treatment adherence is crucial to prevent resistance, drug interactions, and enhance clinical outcomes. Continuous patient education regarding treatment adherence and transmission prevention is determinative. Therefore, effective interventions not only improve patients' quality of life, but also curtail the spread of these diseases, contributing to public health. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The importance of early diagnosis is emphasized, especially in vulnerable populations where coinfection presents challenges. There is a need for public policies to ensure access to diagnostic services, antiretroviral treatment, and antibacterial therapy, as well as the importance of monitoring treatment adherence to prevent drug resistance. Patient education is crucial to enhance treatment adherence and preventive measures.
Keywords: coinfection, HIV, public health, treatment, Tuberculosis.
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A utilização das dietas hiperproteicas
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Hyperproteic diets are characterized by high consumption of proteins in relation to other nutrients. These diets have been popular, particularly among exercisers and people who want to lose weight. The main goal is to increase protein intake to promote satiety, preserve muscle mass and encourage fat burning. This work It is a bibliographical research with the objective of describing and discussing the use of high protein diets, from the contextual point of view. After reviewing the literature and analyzing the data, it is possible to conclude that they offer potential health benefits. Studies demonstrate that a high-protein diet can lead to improved body composition, increased muscle mass and body weight control. However, it is important to emphasize the possible risks and precautions associated with these diets, such as renal overload, nutritional deficiencies and impact on the cardiovascular system.
Keywords: Physical activity, nutritional balance, high-protein diets, proteins, Fat Burning, muscle mass.
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Depressão pós-luto e o atendimento humanizado
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INTRODUCTION: The Post-bereavement depression represents psychic suffering that entails several relevant factors, which can go through life and negatively affect the life of the affected person, thus reflecting on a public health problem that needs attention. The present study aims to discuss the importance of humanized care by nursing professionals in patients diagnosed with post-bereavement depression. REVIEW: Post-bereavement depression is a psychological condition that can occur after the loss of a loved one. It is common to feel sadness, pain and longing after a loss, but when these feelings persist for a long period and begin to affect the person's quality of life, it can be a sign of post-bereavement depression, in this sense, humanized care can be an effective way to help people who are going through this difficult period. DISCUSSION: Humanized care means treating the person with empathy, respect and compassion, recognizing their pain and offering emotional support. Among the forms of humanized care that can help people with post-bereavement depression include Listening and validating the person's feelings and allowing the person to talk about their feelings and concerns, without judgment or criticism, as well as offering emotional support, showing empathy and compassion, respecting time and the grieving process, allowing the person to go through the grieving process in their own time and respecting their way of dealing with the loss. FINAL REMARKS: Post bereavement depression can be a difficult condition to deal with, but humanized care can support and help people to go through this difficult and complicated time, each subject is unique and understands grief according to their subjectivity, as well as each culture has its perception of death and mourning in a unique way from the others.
Keywords: Depression, Grief, Humanized service, Nursing.
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Efeitos adversos decorrentes da terapia prolongada com corticosteroides
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INTRODUCTION: Corticosteroids, cortisol derivative drugs, are commonly used to treat inflamatory, alergic, immunologic and oncologic diseases. Besides their benefits, they have to be carefully used because these medicine appears associated with umpteen side effects – some of then are severe and another ones are aesthetically undesirable. REVIEW: This bibliographic review shows the main side effects associated whit corticosteroid therapy. DISCUSSION: Osteoporosis, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, infections, cardiovascular diseases, Cushing syndrome, immunosuppression and psychiatric disorders are the most severe side effects related with systemic, prolonged or high dosage corticosteroid therapy. FINAL REMARKS: Corticosteroids are resorted to treat a huge number of health conditions. Thereat, it is necessary to recognize and comprehen all of their side effects so they can be wariness and properly prescribed.
Keywords: Side effects, Corticosteoids, Corticosteroid therapy, Adrenal supression, Cushing syndrome, hyperglycemia, osteoporosis.
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Desafios do enfermeiro no atendimento à gestante adolescente com ações educativas na estratégia da saúde da família
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INTRODUCTION: Teenage pregnancy represents a social phenomenon, even with the amount of information on health education. OBJECTIVE: to identify the challenges faced by nurses in care in the ESF to promote educational actions for pregnant adolescents. REVIEW: an integrative review, based on studies published in the Virtual Health Database. DISCUSSION: Adolescents have little information and are not psychologically prepared for the entire prenatal process, however teenage pregnancy is accompanied by many consequences, for this needs to be monitored. The professional's unpreparedness, the differences in the work environment and the lack of resources are the main challenges faced by the demand. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The results found showed the challenges of nurses and their association with teenage pregnancy. However, the challenges need to be further studied and researched more widely. From this perspective, it is important to promote concrete proposals on educational actions that talk about sexuality, family planning and basic rights for pregnant adolescents.
Keywords: Nurse's Challenges; Adolescent Pregnancy; Health Education; Family Health Strategy.
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A clínica psicanalítica do transtorno do espectro autista
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INTRODUCTION: This research consists of a narrative literature review (RNL), in Brazilian bibliographical productions, with the objective of raising the diagnostic criteria, describing the etiology and the framework of the psychoanalytic orientation for autism, currently conceptualized as Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD), in Brazilian bibliographical productions, with the objective of raising the diagnostic criteria, describing the etiology and the main forms of psychoanalytic treatment for the Autism Spectrum Disorder. REVIEW: 3 databases were consulted BVS (Virtual Health Library), LILACS and GOOGLE SCHOLAR, 9 articles and a book were selected to compose the study sample. The criterion for choosing the material consisted of objectively addressing the applicability of the psychoanalytic approach as a treatment tool. DISCUSSION: Evidence demonstrates the breadth of analytical school techniques that favor the establishment of bonding, social interaction, and restore drive articulation. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: As a result of the research, it is concluded that the psychoanalytic clinic is committed to going beyond the spectral approach, addressing the autistic child as a subject, and not as an object to be normalized.
Keywords: clinic, psychoanalysis, autistic spectrum disorder.
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Mucosite oral – Terapia Antineoplásica
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INTRODUCTION: Oral cancer are malignant neoplasms that begin in the epithelium lining the mouth by the disorderly multiplication of defective or atypical cells, which cannot be completely eradicated by the immune system. Cancer treatments consist of eliminating neoplastic tissues through surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy or a combination of these three therapeutic modalities. However, the side effects caused by radio and chemotherapy are multiple, and among them oral mucositis stands out. REVIEW: Oral mucositis is characterized by inflammation of the soft tissues of the mouth (buccal and labial mucosa, floor of the mouth, ventral surface of the tongue and soft palate), observed in 40% of patients receiving chemotherapy, and in 8-10% of people undergoing radiotherapy. Its severity is determined by the type of radiation, the daily dose, the volume of irradiated tissue, the accumulated dose and the type, duration and dose of the medication used. And also, by extrinsic factors, such as alcohol abuse, poor oral hygiene and tobacco. DISCUSSION: Oral mucositis can be classified as: Grade 1 (asymptomatic or with mild symptoms, with no need for intervention); Grade 2 (moderate pain, a change in diet is indicated); Grade 3 (severe pain, patients unable to eat, requiring intervention); Grade 4 (life-threatening consequences requiring urgent intervention); Grade 5 (death). FINAL REMARKS: The treatment of oral mucositis consists of prevention and palliative care, which aim to alleviate pain and prevent the appearance of secondary infections. In other words, mouthwashes (sodium bicarbonate, saline solution 0.9%, chlorhexidine gluconate 0.12%, nystatin and palifermin); drugs (benzydamine hydrochloride and prostaglandins) and low-intensity laser, curative methods that have proven efficacy in the literature in the treatment of oral mucositis.
Keywords: Oral mucositis, malignant neoplasms, oncological treatment, oral cancer.
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Situação da gestão de saúde da população brasileira durante a pandemia covid-19: Uma revisão integrativa
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INTRODUCTION: The challenges faced during the pandemic were even greater in Brazil, due to the precariousness of the public health systems, not to mention the combination of social disproportion, with precarious housing and sanitation conditions, where most of the population has inaccessible items basics like drinking water. OBJECTIVE: This work aims to carry out an integrative review on the impacts caused by the covid-19 pandemic on health management in Brazil. REVIEW AND DISCUSSION: The present study refers to an Integrative Literature Review (IRL), based on scientific evidence, 18 articles were examined that responded to the insertion and removal criteria inserted in its formulation. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: All selected studies refer to the performance of management in the face of the covid-19 pandemic, and as managers and workers who actively acted on the front line, dealing with challenges and emerging situations, and what decision-making and preparing the SUS to deal with a pandemic. it was found that not one country in the world was prepared for a pandemic, but the way in which each government reacted to the situation in question was a reflection for others as an example, good or bad, in the case of Brazil, this reflection was bad, requiring even subnational measures so that there was urgency in the action plans to combat the pandemic, because they had to, not only fight COVID, but also maintain care for other diseases and treatments for patients, they had to support those who could not work, through a lockdown order that only did not cover essential services and that had to comply with security determinations.
Keywords: Covid-19, Management, Pandemic.
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A importância do programa de treinamento e desenvolvimento para a melhoria do bem-estar de colaboradores de instituições de ensino
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This article presents theoretical knowledge about the importance of the training and development program to improve the well-being of employees of educational institutions. Due to technological, economic and social changes, training and development are increasingly gaining ground in these environments, where there is a perception that this tool has potential for the continuous development of people, using it to improve the company and the well-being of employees. collaborators. The study presents a review of qualitative research with a bibliographic nature, the structure had a descriptive character where the survey of information of the authors that are in books, publications in journals of scientific articles, monographs, dissertations and theses on the subject was carried out. With the research it was possible to consider many relevant aspects during the construction of knowledge in postgraduate studies in Organizational and Work Psychology. The investigation of the proposed theme was carried out from academic/scientific platforms Scielo, Psicologia e Sociedade, FUMEC, UNESP using instruments such as periodical articles, dissertations, monographs and books. The review of articles is linked to the descriptors of Training and development, Growth with T & D, Benefits in T & D. The results show a critical and synchronic discussion about the importance of training and development to improve the well-being of employees of educational institutions. Based on scientific evidence, it is understood that it is necessary to deepen knowledge, there is no intention of exhausting the discussion on the subject, but of expanding society's view of this fact, being able to investigate the importance of the training and development program for the improvement of the good -being of employees of educational institutions.
Keywords: Training and development, Growth with T & D, Benefits in T&D.
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Diretivas antecipadas de vontade: assistência aos pacientes em estado de finitude em Oncologia
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INTRODUCTION: Advance directives of will, documents that guarantee the preservation of the patient's autonomy, enabling the consent or refusal of certain treatments in the finitude stage of life. REVIEW: Integrative literature review study, and exploratory descriptive research. Articles with 5 years of publication, in Portuguese, whose main subject are advance directives of will, autonomy, terminality and palliative care are included. DISCUSSION: of the results obtained during a research carried out for the following study, three ideas were elaborated: Advance directives of communication, Dignity and autonomy and its relation with AD, Challenges in the applicability AD. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The importance of greater publicity regarding what is referred to as Advance Directives of Will and the advantages of their applicability is evidenced. It was found in the literature, the lack of knowledge of the general public and health professionals on a subject, which consequently, raises the lack of a respectful dialogue with family members and patients, regarding their rights and preservation of self-determination, depriving the patient, or adherence to end-of-life treatments.
Keywords: advance directives of will, autonomy, palliative care, terminality.
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Psicologia e a educação em saúde
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This paper aims to discuss the main ways in which Psychology contributes to the field of Collective Health, with emphasis on primary health care in the area of health education. Some concepts of health education will be presented, in addition to exposing some of the main actions and programs aimed at health education in the Brazilian context, finally, the role of psychology in primary care will be discussed, with activities aimed at Health education.
Keywords: health education, primary care, psychology.
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Contribuições do tratamento ortodôntico em pacientes com doenças periodontais
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INTRODUCTION: The interaction between Orthodontics and Periodontics can contribute efficiently to dental treatment, being able to provide patients with periodontal disease, conditions so that periodontite health can restabilize and restore satisfactory occlusion. REVIEW: The present work proposed to evaluate, through literature review, such as articles, theses and books related to the subject, orthodontic treatment in patients with periodontal disease. DISCUSSION: From the information obtained it was possible to conclude that the orthodontic-periodontal union brings many benefits to the periodontium, by increasing the insertion capacity of periodontal ligament fibers to root surfaces, and thus establishing contact between the tooth and its respective alveolus. It should be emphasized that these benefits are considerable, provided that the biomechanical principles of orthodontics and the biological limitations of the periodontium are respected. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: Finally, the present work showed that orthodontic treatment can be complementary to periodontal treatment, helping the patient to control biofilm and enabling a functionally and aesthetically stable occlusion.
Keywords: orthodontic treatment, periodontal treatment, ortho-perio union.
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Bacteriocinas como bioconservador alimentario: características generales y aplicación en alimentos
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INTRODUCTION: Nowadays consumers´ demand for reduction of synthetic preservatives in food is increasing, but products at the same time need to continue to guarantee their safety. For this reason, there is a growing interest in the food industry for bioconservation. Among the different forms of biopreservation, bacteriocins, secondary metabolites produced by lactic acid bacteria, can be used. REVIEW: The aim of this review is describe the general characteristics that define bacteriocin produced by lactic acid bacteria, as well as their mode of action and applicability in the food industry in the main food groups. DISCUSSION: Several studies demonstrate its effectiveness in safely extending the shelf life of foods, due to its great ability to inhibit or slow down the growth of pathogenic and important spoilage microorganisms, such as Listeria monocytogenes or Escherichia coli. This way of bioconservation can be applied to meat products, dairy products, vegetables, seafood and beverages such as beer or wine. In addition, the use of bacteriocins show a great advantage when it is combined with heat treatments, since they allow the application of milder treatments, thus reducing the organoleptic damage that could occur in the quality of the food. CONCLUSION: The incorporation of bacteriocin to different foods allows their safe preservation and has a promising function as possible substitutes for traditional synthetic preservatives.
Keywords: Bacteriocins, lactic acid bacteria, additives, natural antimicrobials, food safety.
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Fotografia digital na prática odontológica
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Introduction: The use of digital photographs in dental clinics is increasing and allows the dentist a range of possibilities: it helps in the diagnosis and prognosis of dental diseases, in communication with colleagues and with dental laboratories, in addition, it is a supporting documentation judicial system and a means of publicizing and promoting the profession. Revision: Dental photography is an integral part of the dental record and communication with patients, so all patients should have photos taken of their initial and final condition. Almost 72% of dentists are adept at the technique, which is used mainly in orthodontics, aesthetic dentistry, in soft tissue analysis (nasopalatine cleft) and in the differentiation of pathologies in the oral mucosa (leukoplakia / lichen planus). Discussion: Knowledge of various methods of tampering and editing of images brings out the forgery. Digital photographs for dental records and legal protection must be standardized and closer to reality, that is, without modifications and effects that alter the original image. Final considerations: Digital photographs are often used for documentation, marketing, patient education, and peer-to-peer communication. However, the falsification of images for marketing purposes and the disapproval of some patients, due to the exposure of the image, discomfort and shyness in front of the cameras, prevent digital dental photographs from being used in all cases and mandatory recording in the medical record.
Palavras-chaves: Dental photography, digital photography, dentistry.
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Quando o paciente abandona a psicoterapia: uma análise na perspectiva da terapia cognitivo-comportamental
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Introduction: The abandonment in psychotherapy refers to the interruption of the sessions and can be motivated by several factors such as: patient-related postures, the therapist, the technique used by the psychologist. Review and Discussion: The general objective of this article was a review of the literature from the analysis of possible causes of abandonment in the psychological treatment based specifically on the theory of Behavioral Cognitive Therapy. In cognitive therapy an important aspect is the alliance that must occur between patient and therapist, and thus work together engaged in the process of acceptance and professionalism. The success of therapy will depend on the bond established by the client and therapist. The alliance is so relevant that it facilitates or hinders the treatment. Final considerations: During the analysis and description of the theoretical references some factors are included to clarify the reasons for a patient to abandon therapy. The first is to not meet until the end the number of sessions indicated and established by the therapist. The perception of a small improvement contributes to the patient's withdrawal from the therapeutic setting, since they are discharged. Another reason for abandonment is the lack of clarification to the patient about the treatment that is or will be performed, but this is the role of the psychologist alone.
Keywords: abandonment of therapy, therapeutic alliance, cognitive-behavioral therapy.
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O cenário epidemiológico mundial em 2020, suas consequências e a importância em investimentos humanos e financeiros em pesquisas científicas
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Introduction: The global public health crisis caused by the new Coronavirus (COVID 19) and the spread of the disease around the world has brought a new and critical scenario for everyone. Review: The world epidemiological scenario reinforces the importance of science and scientific research focused on epidemiology in public health to design public health policies and work strategies aimed at the quality of public health, especially in developing countries. Discussion: How all countries in the world have been suffering more from the consequences of this disease. The present work carried out a literature review that aims to highlight the role of research against diseases of public interest. Final considerations: It is concluded that public health services must be combined with scientific research to adequately promote actions that generate well-being for the population.
Keywords: Epidemiology, COVID 19, Public Health, People.
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Osteonecrose maxilar induzida por agentes antirreabsortivos: conceitos, epidemiologia e conhecimento de profissionais e usuários
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Introduction: Medications called antiresorptives can be used as adjuvants in the treatment of bone and/or bone cancer diseases, with bisphosphonates, RANK-L inhibitors and antiangiogenic agents as the main representatives of the class. Review: The three drug classes have in common the possibility of causing, from their use, a rare adverse effect, but with extreme morbidity called Drug-Induced Maxillary Osteonecrosis (ONMIM). Due to the increasingly widespread use of these drugs for the treatment of different tumor and bone diseases, the knowledge of the medical, dental and also lay people, representing the patients themselves, about the possibility of the occurrence of ONMIM has become increasingly important. Many patients using antiresorptive medications do not have the knowledge or were not instructed by their physicians about the risk of their adverse effects; which can lead to inadvertent dental treatment and the onset of the disease. Discussion: Prevention before the use of medications through a careful assessment of the oral health condition and an elaborate plan of care between the oncology team and dentists, can reduce the risk of developing ONMIM. Final considerations: Health professionals must take responsibility for sharing their knowledge with patients and emphasize the importance of prevention through dental follow-up. And so, knowledge and awareness can minimize the incidence of the disease through preventive care.
Keywords: bone density conservation agents, denosumab, osteonecrosis, bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaw, antirresorptive medication, bisphosphonates.
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Tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico: novos recursos e softwares para diagnóstico em endodontia
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Abstract: Introduction: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is the most used in dentistry, due to its speed and low radiation compared to medical tomography; with this, it favored all specialties, especially endodontics. Review: To carry out this work, scientific articles, books, theses, dissertations and monographs related to the use of CBCT were researched, with emphasis on endodontics, especially in relation to current imaging resources. For this, online, national and international databases such as PUBMED, GOOGLE ACADÉMICO, SCIELO, Scopus and Web of Science were used. Discussion: Endodontics is one of the areas that most explores CBCT in dentistry. Visualization software/algorithms developers for image formation have developed resources for root canal measurement, file/instrumentation guides, making endodontic treatment safer and more predictable. For the endodontist, three-dimensional images help to clearly visualize the location of the apical foramen (which may vary), the size of the lesion that is in the periapical area, the presence of cracks/root fractures, whether root resorption can be resolved with treatment, among others. Other difficulties that periapical radiography cannot show, because it is two-dimensional. The transfer from analog to digital dentistry is still happening, prices are becoming affordable, ease and time saving is transforming and making developers have ideas for great innovations. Therefore, this study aimed to review the literature and discuss the new features of tomographic image viewer software. Final considerations: However, CBCT with three-dimensional imaging capability is of utmost importance for the endodontics of the future.
Keywords: endodontics, X-rays, software, cone-beam computed tomography.
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Cirurgia bariátrica e câncer gástrico: uma revisão sistemática
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: Introduction: Studies show that there is a correlation between waist circumference and visceral fat with a higher risk for cancer of the esophageal-gastric junction. The risk of gastric cancer after bariatric surgery has also not been established. The aim of this work is to conduct a systematic literature review to investigate the relation between gastric cancer and bariatric surgery Review: The research was carried out in the SciELO, MEDLINE and Google Scholar databases, using the PubMed search engine. The keywords were: "gastric cancer" AND "bariatric surgery", with selected publications from the last five years (since 2016), English or Portuguese and human trials. Discussion: A total of eight publications were selected, four of which were obtained from the MEDLINE database and four from Google Scholar. It was seen that few studies address the proposed topic, which indicates that the between gastric cancer and bariatric surgery is still little discussed and little is known about whether there is a correlation between them. Most studies suggest that post-bariatric surgery cancer is a rare condition. However, it is known that many cases are not reported or have been poorly studied, which may interfere with epidemiological data. Final considerations: There is a possibility of post-bariatric cancer, which is often not diagnosed due to nonspecific symptoms. There is a need for further studies on this relation, as the number of bariatric surgeries is increasing and at the same time incomplete data or underdiagnosis of cancer in these patients has been reported.
Keywords: gastric cancer, bariatric surgery, obesity.
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Políticas públicas para a saúde do idoso – uma análise acerca das atuais políticas públicas voltadas para o idoso
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This article aims to discuss about public policies that are aimed at the elderly in Brazil. Thus, this discussion is necessary because many elderly people still feel discriminated against in our country, because often the treatment given to them in society does not correspond with their reality. Many elderly people can still contribute a lot to the growth of our society and can also engage in the labor market, with the exception of those who have some pathology. Old age is not a disease, but a natural process of the human being that does not prevent them from thinking and acting in society. Our discussion is based on the Statute of the Elderly and on authors such as Soares (2012), Boneti (1997), among others who are dedicated to the study of the theme.
Keywords: elderly, elderly health, public policies, autonomy.
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Síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono e sua relação com a odontologia: Revisão de Literatura
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Introduction: The common need for functioning is a functioning problem during basic sleep functioning. It is because of the total or partial cause of the air passage for ten or more seconds micro-awakening, in addition to the feeling of suffocation. Review and discussion: The work carried out thorough literary review and introduced, according to the authors, growth hyperplasia and growth change in the upper airway are exacerbating factors of the syndrome; Mouth breathing has been proposed as a cause of dental caries and caries. Final considerations: The Dental Surgeon is important to help in the diagnosis by knowing the main disorders of this distraction and offering palliative treatment with intra-oral appliances or orthognathic surgeries, and may also participate in multidisciplinary treatments.
Keywords: obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, sleep disorder.
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Alterações estomatognáticas da microcefalia causada por Zika Vírus: Revisão de Literatura
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Zika Virus is an arbovirus capable of causing fetal brain anomalies associated with maternal infection. These occur in the first two gestational trimesters; among them stands out microcephaly, a neurological disorder whose occiptofrontal perimeter is below the average for race, age and sex. The discovery of Zika as a new etiological factor for microcephaly alerts the health system, due to the epidemic that occurred in Brazil in 2015. The purpose of this study was to perform a literature review on the main stomatognathic alterations in microcephaly by Zika Virus and its importance for dentistry, as well as the benefits of this practice to such patients. A bibliographic survey was performed using scientific articles in English and Portuguese, published in the last 10 years, with the aid of scientific platforms such as Pubmed and Scielo. Although there are few scientific papers addressing Microcephaly by Zika and its orofacial effects, we conclude that the knowledge of this congenital infection and its orofacial alterations by the dental surgeon is indispensable to offer higher quality in the treatment of microcephaly, adapting the clinical conduct to the individual needs, always allying to a multiprofessional approach.
Keywords: Microcephaly, Zika virus, Orofacial abnormalities, Dental care.
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A atuação do enfermeiro no acompanhamento de pacientes oncológicos sob cuidados paliativos
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Introduction: Oncology is the area of cancer-related research. The most advanced stage of cancer can lead to the terminal state, which is a time when the disease becomes "unrecoverable" for the nursing team, heading towards death without anyone being able to do anything to change its destiny, except how it goes spend your final moments. Objective: To analyze the scientific evidence related to nurses' interventions in cancer patients during the terminal phase. Methodology: This is an integrative review. Open access scientific articles published in scientific journals between 2013 and 2021 were categorized. At the end of the evaluation stages, we selected 7 articles that enabled the execution of this study. Results and discussion: Three main pieces of information were identified regarding the work of nurses for palliative care, which are: importance of nursing communication in palliative patient care; the pharmacological and non-pharmacological care procedures performed by nurses; and the main professional difficulties that nurses face in patient care. Conclusion: Communication is the basis of nurses' work in palliative care. The uses of treatments aim to reduce the patient's symptoms and pain, increasing their quality of life during their final moments. And among the challenges, the service overload, the lack of resources and protocols to perform palliative care and the possibility of suffering the impacts of the negative feelings that the patient and family have at that time stand out.
Keywords: palliative care, nursing, Oncology.
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Práticas Integrativas no tratamento da ansiedade
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Introduction: Integrative and Complementary Practices (PICS) use therapeutic resources that are based on traditional knowledge, with the aim of preventing various diseases such as anxiety. In the case of Integrative Health Practices (PIS), the focus of this article, they can be understood as technologies that treat the health of the individual in its multidimensionality - physical, emotional, mental, social and spiritual - in order to promote, maintain and recover health. . Review: This article aims to present alternative therapies for the treatment of anxiety, such as aromatherapy, floral therapy, homeopathy and acupuncture. Discussion: They are known as integrative practices and are currently applied with private clinics and by the Unified Health System (SUS). These are technologies that obtain satisfactory results, through a welcoming listening, with a therapeutic bond, which integrates the individual with the environment and society. The PIS have a transversal, transdisciplinary and intersectoral character. Its validation in the SUS occurs through the criterion of the traditionality of its use, as well as through proof of its benefits. Final Considerations: These Integrative and Complementary Health Practices (PICs) were instituted in Brazil in 2006, and are considered by the World Health Organization (WHO) as traditional medicine practices. This means that the knowledge, skills and practices applied in these types of therapies are based on theories, beliefs and experiences from different cultures, with a focus on health maintenance, prevention, diagnosis, improvement or treatment of physical and mental illnesses. The main difference between PICs and traditional medicine is that conventional medicine tends to treat symptoms separately; in the case of the practice of PICs, these are treatments that see the individual as a whole, not just as a set of symptoms.
Keywords: alternative therapies; anxiety; integrative practices; Unified Health System (SUS).
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Manifestações orais da COVID-19 e o papel do cirurgião-dentista no diagnóstico precoce e controle da sua transmissibilidade: revisão de literatura
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Introduction: In 2019, the world was experiencing an alarming public health crisis, caused by a virus called by the international committee on taxonomy of viruses, as SARS-CoV-2 and later declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) as COVID -19. A new disease characterized by causing infections with flu-like symptoms and high mortality rates. In view of the COVID-19 pandemic situation, and its immediate repercussions, this literature review aims to analyze the main oral changes associated with COVID-19 infection, as well as to understand whether these presentations are due to the infection or represent secondary manifestations resulting from of the systemic condition. Review: The methodology involved a bibliographic survey in the Bireme, Pubmed and Lilacs databases, and the available literary works on the subject. Data collection comprised articles published in the last 10 years, from 2012 to 2022. Only scientific articles published and made available for free, without restrictions, were selected by country or language. Discussion: Among the oral anatomical structures affected by COVID-19, the dorsum of the tongue draws attention due to the high frequency and number of alterations, such as white and red plaques, whitish areas, hemorrhagic crust, necrosis, petechiae, erythema and spontaneous bleeding, fissured tongue. Final considerations: COVID-19 is a multisystem disease, capable of affecting the oral cavity, the most common manifestation being dysgeusia, followed by the presence of ulcers, herpetiform lesions, usually associated with immunocompromise caused by the disease, erosive lesions, blisters, vesicles, pustules and depapilated tongue, associated with the use of NSAIDs, in the relief of some symptoms associated with the disease.
Keywords: dentist, COVID-19, diagnosis, oral manifestations, non-pharmacological measure, oral health.
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