Início Biodiversidade das Plantas Medicinais: benefícios e riscos
5 (2021)
Síndrome de Burnout: consequências e implicações na vida dos profissionais de saúde
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Introduction: Burnout Syndrome is a professional burnout syndrome that develops in response to chronic work stress. Review: This study addresses the theme in order to identify the main consequences of the disease in the lives of health professionals, especially among nurses. This is a review of the literature in articles published on the topic, which were selected from the databases of the Virtual Health Library, MEDLINE, SciELO and Google Scholar, between 2010 and 2020. Discussion: 19 references were selected for the study, seventeen scientific articles, a book and a publication from the Pan American Health Organization. Final considerations: The study found that there is a high incidence of the syndrome among health professionals, especially in nursing, with multiple stressful sources in the work environment of these professionals who predispose them to the syndrome, with emphasis on overtime working hours, low salary conditions and poor working conditions. The disease has negative consequences, causing problems at the individual, professional, family and social levels.
Keywords: Burnout, professional burnout, health professionals.
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Abordagem inicial em neonatologia na presença de erro inato do metabolismo
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Introduction: Inborn errors of metabolismo (EIM) are inherited diseases of a single gene that result in defects in the body's biochemical pathways. Although these disorders are individually rare, collectively they are responsible for a significant portion of childhood disabilities and deaths. Review: Health care professionals still find it difficult to identify cases of these diseases early and to establish appropriate therapy. Thus, the aim of the study is to understand how the initial approach in neonatology should be when identifying an IMT in a patient. The methodology used in the development of this study was a qualitative review of the literature. Discussion: 13 references were selected, 10 of which were scientific articles, a Technical Manual from the Ministry of Health and two reports on the expanded Pezinho test. In total, eight are in Portuguese and five in English. Final considerations: The results of the research showed that, in the event of a suspicion of an EIM, the neonatal health team must follow the following protocol: perform the diagnostic test; stop catabolism by providing glucose; administer supportive care; remove toxic metabolites; consider sepsis (as this can mimic metabolic disease). Treatment approaches such as special diets, enzyme replacement therapy, substrate inhibition and organ transplantation have been widely used. It is essential, therefore, that the neonatal health team is trained and updated on innovations in this area, in order to provide the patient with the best option of health care.
Keywords: inborn error of metabolism, neonate, neonatal screening test.
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As fake news e seus impactos na saúde da sociedade
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Introduction: The growing popularity of fake news since 2016 has been affecting various areas of the population's life, including health, promoting a scenario of vulnerability, confusion for the reader and information insecurity, which is why this article aims to describe the impacts of fake news about the health of society. Review: Integrative review of the literature found in the Lilacs, PubMed, Scielo, Latindex, journal portal Capes, Google Scholar and Brapci, between 2018 and 2020 published in portuguese and english, available in full. The selected publications were categorized by similarity in the objectives and themes of study in fake news and their relationship with the mechanism of digital social networks and applications, the impacts of fake news on society and, fake news and health. Discussion: Compromise of the reliability of information from health professionals, lack of attention to medical treatment and the effects of medicines, self-medication and promotion of the cure of certain diseases by non-standardized means are the main impacts of fake news on society, when considering the context health, resulting from the vulnerability of the public using digital social networks and applications. Final considerations: Combating and stopping fake news is still a challenge. The spread of the need to confirm the veracity of the news received, as well as the education of society on the procedures for its prevention is urgent in the absence of effective means to solve this problem, without detriment to the respect for the freedom of expression of society.
Keywords: fake news, social media, false news, health.
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Práticas alimentares propostas pelo Guia Alimentar para a População Brasileira (2014): cenário após seis anos de seu lançamento
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Introduction: The global overweight syndemia demands the institution of public policies and intersectoral actions that affects the health determinatives. The Dietary Guideline for the Brazilian Population (DGBP), published at 2014, constitutes an essencial tool and delivers a holistic approach regarding alimentation, dialoguing with cultural, social, economic and environmental facets whilst introducing the NOVA food classification. The objective of this study was to assess the food consumption by Brazilian individuals under the enlightenment of the NOVA food classification in accordance with the DGBP. Review: An integrative review of studies, using the descriptors ‘Guia Alimentar’ and the terms ‘Food Guide’ AND ‘Brazil’ for English searches. The descriptor ‘Guia Alimentar’ and the filter ‘Brasil’ were used on SciELO database, prioritizing researches done in national territory. On LILACS database, the descriptor ‘Guia Alimentar’ and the publication interval filter, comprehending a period of five years (2015-2020), were used. On Cambridge Core database the descriptors ‘Food Guide’ AND ‘Brazil’ and the filters: type of content, publication date and subject limitation were used. After the adoption of the eligibility criteria, eight studies were selected. Discussion: It was observed a suboptimal adequacy of the dietary practices endorsed by DGBP, with the high consumption of ultra-processed aliments to the detriment of the natural ones. The variables socioeconomic class, family income, demographics, scholarship level, gender and age range, have a direct relation with the adoption of healthier and most suitable dietary practices. The food consumption of the Brazilian population is at odds with the dietary recomendations proposed by the DGBP through NOVA food classification. Final considerations: The disassemble and the underfunding of public dietary and nutrition policies may complicate the dissemination of the Guide’s messages, diminishing the potential of the Dietary and Nutritional Education actions particularly in the Primary Health Care.
Keywords: dietary guideline, Brazil.
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O impacto das fake news e a sua influência na automedicação na COVID-19
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Introduction: Since the end of 2019, with the emergence of the global crisis generated by SARS-CoV-2, the percentage of global production and consumption of news and information on the subject has increased considerably, with SARS-CoV-2 occupying the largest part of the space in the media. The objectives of this work are to analyze the impact caused by false news, related to the use of drugs and other means as an attempt to prevent or cure coronavirus disease. 2. Review: This is a descriptive study, using the bibliographic review as a method, on the impact of fake news and the influence on self-medication in covid 19, in the following databases: SciELO, Lilacs and Pubmed. as inclusion criteria, original scientific articles, with keywords pandemic, coronavirus, false news, self-medication, covid-19, infodemia. 3. Discussion: Infodemia, the same as, the excess of information on the same topic, especially the coronavirus, caused misunderstandings and a disorientation on the part of people, who lose or minimize the ability to recognize reliable sources and content. The results obtained indicate that a large part of the community fell in the spread of false information even before the virus entered the country. 4. Final Considerations: In this sense, future research should focus on preventive educational interventions that provide users with the skills they need to access evidence-based information and to reject falsehoods. Necessary measures to control any infodemic. In this sense, this type of analysis can help health authorities to keep up to date on how social network users share information.
Keywords: pandemic, coronavirus, fake news, self-medication, covid-19, infodemic.
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Práticas integrativas e complementares e suas aplicabilidades nos campos de formação e atuação de enfermeiro
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Introduction: Integrative and Complementary Practices have gradually strengthened significantly since they became a reality in the field of health and a National Policy of Integrative and Complementary Practices (PNPIC), in 2006. However, the applicability of these integrative practices in the process of caring in nursing and the relationship with the role of the nurse deserve to be reflected, even 14 years after the PNPIC was implemented. Objective: to highlight the integrative and complementary practices in the fields of education and performance of nurses, described in the national scientific production. Review: integrative of the literature carried out in the Lilacs, Bdenf, Medline, Scielo, Mosaico, VHL and Ebsco databases and databases based on the descriptors nursing care, nursing education, alternative therapies, complementary therapies, in Portuguese and available in full being guided by the question: “In what way have PICs been approached and used in the fields of education and performance of nurses? Discussion: The nurse demonstrates an understanding that the know-how of the PICs requires levels of understanding and appropriation of the technical, scientific and ethical knowledge of the profession, which are deficient or negligent in professional training, however such a gap does not prevent the experiences lived with the PICS that evidently they have been practiced based on empiricism, impairing such applicability in a competent way in the nurses' actions. Final considerations: PICs have been adopted in nursing practice, however the knowledge limitation for such applicability is conscious on the part of Nurses, elucidating concerns to carry out and manage them within the care process, as well as encouraging better training and dialectical spaces related, both in the academic area and in continuing / permanent education.
Keywords: nursing care; nursing education; alternative therapies; complementary therapies.
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A pandemia de COVID-19 e os impactos na saúde pública do estado do Rio de Janeiro
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Introduction: The new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, which causes COVID-19 disease, has a variable clinical spectrum, which can cause asymptomatic and oligosymptomatic infections, but which may evolve requiring hospital care and even ventilatory support. Thus, the study aims to describe by means of indicators the impact of the pandemic on the availability of hospital beds in the municipalities of the State of Rio de Janeiro. Material and methods: A cross-sectional spatial ecological study was carried out, with a quantitative approach. The data were based on epidemiological bulletins for monitoring cases of COVID-19 in the municipalities of the State of Rio de Janeiro, for the period from March 1 to June 13, 2020, where 9 health regions covering 92 municipalities were analyzed of State. Results and discussion: It was observed that the region with the highest incidence, equivalent to 3,47/100.000 population, corresponds to the Baixada Litorânea region, however considering the absolute population the largest number of cases occurred in Metropolitan I, with 197,445, being 144,199 in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro. In addition to the descriptive analysis, Pearson's correlation was calculated and the result was 0.98, at the 5% level, which confirms that the correlation value is significant. Final considerations: It is evident that the State should intensify educational policies that seek to raise the population's awareness of how to spread the virus and expand strategies for rapid virus identification, isolation and early treatment, due to the lack of availability hospitalization beds to attend all cases of COVID that evolve with complications.
Keywords: COVID-19, beds, public policies, health.
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Parto normal, dor e métodos não farmacológicos: uma revisão integrativa
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Introduction: The woman and ensuring that this is a unique and special moment. The non-pharmacological methods seeks the reduction of pain and provides episodes of relaxation and comfort for the parturient without the risk of harmful side effects to the patient. The objective of this article is to describe the existing non-pharmacological methods for the relief of pain in labor. Review: This is an integrative review that raised 35 studies that describe the benefits of pharmacological methods for pain relief in childbirth. Discussion: The pain of childbirth, historically, is seen as something almost intolerable to deal with, being rewarded only for the pleasure of having the child in your arms. This painful sensation differs according to the cultural, social, and biological aspects of the woman, being seen in some cultures as a necessary pain, an initial milestone in motherhood. Conclusion: If within the process of parturition a humanized team work is carried out, guaranteeing the woman's protagonism in this moment and seeking that the non-pharmacological methods bring benefits for the relief of pain and the promotion of the woman's relaxation, we will have strong evolutions within obstetrics and the reduction of traumatic events for the woman in this unique moment of great value. It is emphasized that these non-pharmacological practices bring greater evolutions in the process of parturition if they are performed in a combined way.
Keywords: pain relief, non pharmacological methods, complementary therapies, birth work.
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Violência doméstica: mulheres vítimas da violência e do despreparo das equipes de enfermagem
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Introduction: Domestic violence against women is understood as any action or omission based on gender at some point in their life that causes death, injury, physical, sexual or psychological suffering, in addition to moral or patrimonial damage. It is an extremely serious public health problem due to the short, medium and long term consequences. Unfortunately, many professionals are unprepared to provide assistance to the victim, due to limiting factors, resulting in underreporting of cases. Objective: to highlight the reasons why nursing teams find it difficult to care for women victims of domestic violence. Review: Integrative of relevant evidence-based studies, published between 2015 and 2020, in Portuguese and English, available in full in the SciELO, Science Direct and BVS databases. DISCUSSION: The integration of the selected literature makes it possible to infer that the lack of qualification to identify cases of violence and insufficient knowledge on the topic, as well as their actions in relation to this issue, are the main evidences of the unpreparedness of nursing teams for an adequate assistance to woman, victim of domestic violence. In view of the complexity that encompasses the phenomenon of violence, nursing care requires planning to promote a reliable, respectful and satisfactory reception, capable of offering the victim the coping options. Final remarks: Awareness about domestic violence as a type of harm to women, as well as short, medium and long term developments are able to benefit not only women, but also all members involved in the intrafamily environment. Therefore, it is necessary to have a dignified, respectful and resolute welcome to each woman, thus providing qualified and effective assistance.
Keywords: primary health care, nursing care, nursing, violence against women and domestic violence.
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Estudo da eficiência antibacteriana de preparações caseiras de Acmella ciliata (Kunth) Cass., Lippia origanoides kunth, Punica granatum L. e Hymenaea courbaril in vitro sobre bactérias patógenas humanas
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Introdution: Use of plant species is an ancient technique of treatment for the most diverse diseases. First records date from around 2500 BC in China, and are still being the biggest sources of therapeutic resources in many communities around the world. This fact has been consolidated due the wide range of species existing and their easy access, in addition to the low cost and practicality. Objective: Evaluate the antibacterial potential of some home preparations (infusion) intended for therapeutic use, and the possibility of improvement of the improvement of the use and applicability in order to make them more effective. Material and methods: The present research was carried out in vitro using different concentrations of aqueous extracts of Acmella ciliata (Kunth) Cass., Lippia origanoides kunth, Punica granatum L. and Hymenaea courbaril, obtained by infusion using crude extract (100%) and Diluted 80%, 60%, 40% and 20% on diffusion discs on pathogenic respiratory tract strains: K. pneumonia, P. aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Results and discussion: The extracts 100%, 80% and 60% of Punica granatum L. presented halo formation against the three pathogens mentioned, evidencing larger diameters of halo in S. aureus. The extracts of Lippia origanoides kunth and Hymenaea courbaril L. showed formation of halo only in 100% and 80%. The home preparations (teas) did not demonstrate activity detectable by the method used. Final considerations: The results presented for the aqueous extracts of the barks of Punica granatum L. demonstrate a promising natural antibacterial potential of alternative use against the three pathogens analyzed, considering the control of the conditions of extraction and storage of the aqueous extract.
Keywords: antibacterial activity, aqueous extract, Punica granatum, Pathogenic bacteria.
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Desmame difícil e decanulação tardia de pacientes traqueostomizados vítimas de traumas num hospital de referência na Região Norte
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Background: Tracheostomy can be performed as a preventive, curative, palliative or elective action, ist indication often happens due to failure in extubation, despite its benefits when it comes to respiratory comfort, there are also long-term harms, regarding changes that directly reflect on the swallowing and speech functions. Objective: This research aimed to analyze the process of difficult weaning and late decannulation in tracheostomized patients victims of trauma, looking for ways and analyzing what makes weaning difficult and late and how to improve this process. Methods: A descriptive-analogical, retrospective and quantitative study was conducted, with analysis of 40 medical records, from the first semester of 2018, with patients over 18 years of age classified as difficult weaning and late decannulation. For data collection, an instrument was used containing information about the functional diagnosis and related to weaning and decannulation. Results: Most of the patients undergoing tracheostomy classified as late weaning are men, victims of motorcycle accidents or physical aggressions that evolved with traumatic brain injury, and had an average of 10 to 11 days of orotracheal intubation, which was of great impact for the period prolonged tracheostomy. Conclusions: It was concluded that the patients who had had a speech therapy follow-up since the period of invasive mechanical ventilation with IOT about to extubate had shorter weaning time from the tracheostomy, compared with the patients who were only followed up after the tracheostomy.
Keywords: weaning, speech therapy, tracheostomy.
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Mordida aberta: etiologia e relacionamento com hábitos deletérios
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An open bite can be defined as the presence of a negative vertical dimension between the incisal edges of the upper and lower teeth. The etiology of the open bite is associated with genetics, such as heredity and environmental factors, such as sucking habits, abnormal tongue function and size, mouth breathing, altered vertical growth pattern and congenital or acquired pathologies. Open bite can be defined as dental, dentoalveolar and skeletal and lead the individual to difficulties in chewing, swallowing and phonation conditions creating unfavorable conditions for the individual in their social environment including psychologically. Treatment is difficult and of little stability and should be started as soon as possible, increasing the chances of success.
Keywords: open bite, etiology, treatment, stability.
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Efeitos do uso de tubos finlandeses e eficácia da fonoterapia na qualidade vocal da transexual mulher: Relato de casos
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Background: The voice is an aspect of communication capable of designating an individual's gender. Thus, many transsexual women seek speech therapy to adapt their vocal parameters. Objective: To verify the effects of using Finnish tubes and the effectiveness of speech therapy on the vocal quality of two transsexual women. Methods: Anamnesis, perceptual auditory evaluation of the voice, quality of life protocol in voice-QVV and acoustic analysis were performed to determine vocal patterns. Participant 1 performed only the exercise using Finnish tubes at a single time, while Participant 2 performed vocal therapy, with weekly sessions, for 8 months. Results: There was an improvement in vocal quality, an increase in fundamental frequency, an increase in the intensity and quantity of harmonics after the use of Finnish tubes. While through speech therapy, breathing adequacy, increased respiratory capacity, improved resonance, vocal projection, increased fundamental frequency, increased intensity and automation of a softer voice in spontaneous speech were verified. Conclusions: The use of Finnish Tubes can help in the vocal improvement of the transsexual woman. However, speech therapy plays a fundamental role in adapting all communicative aspects, in addition to providing the necessary care for maintaining voice.
Keywords: speech therapy, voice, transsexual, speech therapy, exercise therapy, speech acoustics, vocal quality.
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A odontologia do trabalho como instrumento de prevenção do absenteísmo
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Introduction: Worker health has made great strides in Brazil in recent years. Occupational Dentistry is highlighted in this context, as it aims to study, worry and explain the different oral problems that affect workers. Oral diseases do not deviate from systemic conditions and cannot be left aside when discussing disabilities that affect workers. The implementation of the Occupational Dentistry service in companies contains the prevention of workers 'oral health, if there is a current need for associated occupational medicine to aim at the integrality of workers' health. The aim of this work was through a literature review to discuss the role of the Labor Dentist in the prevention of oral pathologies in workers and in the control of absences from work.
Keywords: worker, occupational dentistry, prevention.
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Vivências de crianças e/ou adolescentes que esperam por adoção tardia
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Introduction: Adoption has always been considered complex with regard to the fact that most of the time it happens to solve the couple's infertility problem, and it is still not the first choice made by them, who before resort to clinical procedures in an attempt to realize the dream of motherhood / paternity. Material and methods: This research aims to analyze the experiences of children and / or adolescents who are waiting for adoption. A qualitative, descriptive and exploratory research was carried out with a case study design. The sample used in this research was composed of two children over seven years old waiting for adoption, the instrument used was a semi-structured interview containing seven questions and the data analyzed through content analysis. Results and discussions: Most children and adolescents seem to be aware of the reasons that caused them to be removed from their biological families, and placed in institutional settings, however, it is often in the shelter that they receive the attention and care that they did not have. in their families of origin, making institutionalization a better experience. Considerations: For children and / or teenagers who are in the shelter, adoption is a way to build or in some cases reconstruct many things, including their history, their interior that may have been shattered by those who had a duty to cherish for their well-being, but who did not do so, chance to really know what a family is, to receive a love that will not hurt them.
Keywords: children, adolescents, institutionalization, adoption.
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Acidentes de trânsito na cidade de Maringá-PR em 2019: reflexões para além dos números
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Introduction: The number of victims, as well as the public resources that are lost. Objective: Given this fact, this work aims to identify, analyze and characterize the traffic accidents that occurred in 2019 in the city of Maringá-Paraná, served by the Fire Department of Paraná. Exploring the number of accidents attended by this century-old institution, assessing the frequency and incidence of accidents and, thus, seeking solutions to help reduce them in the future. Methods: For the development of this article, bibliographic research was used, as well as data obtained from the records of daily occurrences used by the Paraná Fire Department, after prior authorization from the unit commander. Conclusions: This study highlights the fact that most accidents could have been avoided if the driver adopted a more passive behavior. Driving defensively, not drinking alcohol before driving vehicles, are just some of the essential attitudes to reduce these high rates.
Keywords: traffic accidents, causes, prevention, vehicles, victims.
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Mulheres que superaram o Câncer: À volta ao mercado de trabalho
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Introduction: It is known that cancer is one of the diseases that cause the most deaths in the world, in addition to being away from work and, in many cases, dismissal, and can be classified as malignant when the disordered growth of these cells is uncontrollable, in large quantities and aggressive, leaves the person weakened and, in most cases, carries a risk of death in the short, medium or long term, depending on the clinical conditions and progression of the disease in each situation. To elaborate the theoretical framework, a bibliographic research was carried out, referring to the study about the cancer disease, its history and mainly the impacts that the disease and the treatment have on the woman's life, as well as the return to the job market after having won the disease and its control. Thus, according to the results acquired in the documentary data, through the search for scientific articles, in electronic databases in Google Scholar, Scielo, the most important references for the development of the work were selected.
Keywords: cancer, women, work, Marketplace.
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Cuidados de enfermagem relacionados à cardiotoxicidade envolvendo drogas como a antraciclinas e anticorpo monoclonais no tratamento oncológico
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Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases in cancer patients are increasingly frequent events, due to advances in cancer therapy that have resulted both in improving quality of life and increasing patient survival. In recent decades, progress in cancer treatment has also resulted in increased exposure of patients to cardiovascular risk factors and chemotherapy with potential for cardiotoxicity. Review: This is a work of bibliographic review of the integrative type, aimed at evaluating nursing care in the use of antineoplastic as main adverse effects to cardiotoxicity and reporting the severity of the use of anthracycline and monoclonal antibody. Discussion: Anthracyclines are antitumor antibiotics, widely used in various types of cancer and monoclonal antibodies is a type of immunological therapy and can be combined with conventional treatments, as it is also an antitumor. Both are a recognized cause of cardiotoxicity. Final considerations: It is of fundamental importance that nursing act before, during and after chemotherapy administration, observing the signs and symptoms and guiding both the patient and the family member about the antineoplastic used, its action on the body, its side effects and care in general.
Keywords:cardiotoxicity, anthracyclines, monoclonal antibody, nursing care.
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A viabilidade da metodologia Pragmatic Randomized Clinical Trials (PRCT) à pesquisa de Medicina Tradicional Chinesa
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Introduction: Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is an Integrative and Complementary Practice and employs an integrative and complex view of the subject. Randomized Controlled Trials' methodology does not address the complex view of TCM. However, other methods such as pragmatic randomized controlled trials seem to be more appropriate. Objective of this work was to systematize and discuss the articles that used the Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trials methodology with TCM practices. Review: A systematic review of the literature of clinical trials using the PRCT methodology was performed. Articles from the databases were collected: PubMed, Scielo, Mosaico, Web Of Science and Cochrane. Discussion: The 17 selected studies found efficacy of TCM compared to the usual biomedical treatment. The PRCT seems to be a very appropriate methodology for conducting clinical trials and producing evidence regarding TCM practices and other integrative and complementary practices. Final considerations: the PRCT method allows the implication of a multidimensional and singular view of the subject, offering the benefit of not excluding the complexity of the therapy and the singular view of the health professional in relation to the patients treated in the research.
Keywords: complementary therapies, integrative medicine, pragmatic clinical trial, medicine, chinese traditional, methods, research design.
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O uso do canabidiol como medicamento no Brasil para tratar doenças crônicas
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Introduction: In Brazil marijuana began along with its discovery, in the country the theme has always brought much discussion, and an exotic plant, native to Asia, used for many centuries for various purposes, such as religious rituals and medicinal practices. Studies of the substances isolated from active cannabis began around 1960, and several substances were discovered, among them the (THC) and (CDB) highlighting cannabidiol (CBD) non-hallucinogenic substance. It also has numerous pharmacological properties. According to the legislation marijuana and considered an illicit drug prohibited in the country, not being allowed possession, acquisition and transport. Before the validity of DRC Nº 327 of December 9, 2019 where was authorized in Brazil the commercialization of products containing (THC) and (CBD), patients who needed to use the plant’s assets for treatment were required to use legal means to obtain authorization to import the drugs with marijuana substances. Therefore, the objective of this research was to carry out a bibliographic review in digital articles and virtual books found in academic Google, in databases platforms Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS). Through this, the work sought to describe the general concept of marijuana, seeking to define its concept throughout the proposed theme, as well as to list the benefits to the human body and possible therapeutic actions for diseases, while highlighting the harm caused by its use. Review: Information is presented from a descriptive exploratory research where information on the knowledge of students from 2 public schools in the city of Anápolis is compiled-GO, through a questionnaire where the students answered questions related to the compounds CBD and THC. Discussion: It was possible to understand through the elaboration of this review that Cannabis sativa (marijuana) has been used for thousands of years as a therapeutic method, and that only after having catalogued the substances of the plant, it has been possible to use it as an additional method to traditional therapy. Final considerations: Although marijuana has brought several problems to authorities due to its recreational use, the use of isolated substances brings several benefits to severely ill patients, used as an additional method to conventional treatment.
Keywords: Cannabis sativa, cannabidiol, medicine, therapeutic effect, treatment.
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Protocolos dietéticos midiáticos: características, aplicabilidade clínica e os possíveis mecanismos regulatórios
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Introduction: The practice of healthy eating is an essential method for the prevention, treatment and restoration of various diseases, therefore, the nutritional conduct must be based on scientific data on applicability, flexibility and acceptability. The objective of this work is to demonstrate, through scientific evidence, the characteristics and clinical applicability of some dietary protocols, which are in evidence in the media. A bibliographic review was carried out to address the thematic dietary media protocols: characteristics, clinical applicability, and possible regulatory mechanisms, in Portuguese, English and Spanish. The diets addressed were ketogenic, DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension), low FODMAP, gluten-free and paleolithic. Final considerations: The practice of a healthy lifestyle can generate countless benefits, such as prevention, cure and staging of several diseases, by doing a thorough analysis of the mechanisms and characteristics of some dietary protocols, you will find a certain degree of similarity: food balanced, diversified, individualized, indicated and accompanied by professionals in the field. Finally, it is concluded that to obtain plausible results, about the field of diets, it is essential to consider other aspects dissimilar to mass adhesion.
Keywords: dietary protocols, indications, contraindications, benefits, adverse effects.
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Fraudes em alimentos industrializados
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Introduction: Currently the population has changed their eating habits, and seeks every day industrialized foods, for the lack of time to prepare a healthy diet. And this entails bad eating habits, and even the consumption of foods of dubious quality. The industries have received great demand for food industrialization, because of the overconsumption of the population. With this companies have aimed at their profits, and in obtaining more benefits, and through this it has been observed every day that companies have defrauded more food. Objective: The objective of this work was to describe the concept of food fraud, to portray the types of fraud, to detail the characteristic of each fraud and finally to mention the possible health risks that these foods are capable of causing to the consumer. Review: The methodology used in this work is a bibliographic review carried out between May and June 2020. The databases used were SciELO and Google Scholar. Articles from 2010 to 2020 were included. Final considerations: The frauds that occur in the industries, is classified in changes such as: enzymatic, chemical, microbiological, microbial, by adulterations that is addition, or subtraction and counterfeits, this occurs to obtain more profits, and to increase the shelf life of food, among other irregularities. Food fraud brings a health risk, and in more severe cases it can lead to the individual dying. Fraud omits the nutritional values of food, and the actual composition of food.
Keywords: adulteration, alterations, forgeries, fraud, industries.
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Efeitos da terapia com a expansão rápida maxilar na síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono
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Obstructive sleep apnea and maxillary atresias are increasingly discussed, as there is a causal relationship between them, and the proposed treatment is by means of rapid maxillary expansion, being of great importance to analyze early. The objective is to manifest the effects of the expansion in the correction of atresias and crossbites with a consequent improvement in the signs and symptoms of the apnea syndrome and in the quality of life. The preliminary exploratory study included selecting articles from databases such as Pubmed, Scielo, Cpaps, Pediatrics, Science direct, Archives of Healts, in addition to conclusion work and the Google platform. Craniofacial abnormalities can predispose to OSAS, due to the reduction of air space that makes breathing difficult, in addition to insufficient space for the tongue, which results in inadequate craniofacial growth, this is justified by the close relationship between the oral cavity and the respiratory system, and with these characteristics it is possible to identify clinical signs such as snoring and to wake up with a dry mouth frequently, by sleeping with your mouth open. We concluded with the expansion, that the opening of the medial palatal suture displaces the walls of the cavity, increasing the volume and decreasing its resistance, thereby facilitating the passage of air through the nose and improving the position of the tongue, that is, there is an improvement in the signs and symptoms and quality of life in mild to moderate cases, requiring further study in severe cases and in which the growth spurt has already been overcome.
Keywords: rapid maxillary expansion, obstructive sleep apnea, orthodontics, sleep quality.
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Atuação dos auditores internos em organizações de saúde no Poder Executivo Federal Brasileiro
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The article analyzes the alignment of the performance of the internal auditor with international standards, namely the statements of positioning of the internal audit, of the Institute of Internal Auditors - IIA. The materials and methods were the international standards for risk management, for governance models and for internal auditing, the Brazilian federal legislation regarding risk management and the reading and analysis of published research on the performance of internal auditing. The methodological procedures were carried out through bibliographic research and empirical data collection, through semi-structured interviews and recorded in audio. As a result of the collection of bibliographic and empirical data, it was possible to understand the internal audit practices in Brazilian federal entities in the area of health. Finally, we consider, based on international norms, bibliographic review and empirical studies, that the functions performed by the internal audit, according to the participants' perception, are aligned with the applicable international norms and standards.
Keywords: public, health, auditor, internal, management, risk.
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TEA e neurociência na aprendizagem escolar no ensino fundamental
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Introduction: The main objective of this writing is to report, based on theoretical references, the contributions of neuroscience to learning, broadly seeking to explore and contribute to individuals with ASD. Review and discussion: Given this, the study brings aspects of neuroscience in general, in order to better explore its context, besides highlighting the main characteristics of ASD, seeking to identifying important managements with it in the learning process and how it is characterized. Thus, it aims to contribute to the patient to have a satisfactory school learning, combining education and neuropsychopedagogy in elementary school, supporting inclusion through different levels of learning, highlighting specificities and observing the needs of each student. Final considerations: Inclusion can become a reality in the educational context through attitudes aimed at the development and fulfillment of the needs and specificities of the student with autism spectrum disorder, reinforcing that each.
Keywords: TEA, learning, elementary education, neuropsychopedagogy.
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Prevalência de Gardnerella vaginalis em mulheres atendidas em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde no município de Macapá- AP
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Abstract: Introduction: Gardnerella vaginalis is a bacterium in the vaginal microbiota of sexually active women, however, in disturbing situations such as stress, infections, pregnancy and IUD use, it can show an excessive multiplication, generating an overpopulation resulting in a condition called bacterial vaginosis. Objective: To address the main epidemiological and clinical aspects of bacterial vaginosis caused by Gardnarella vaginalis in women treated at a Basic Health Unit in the municipality of Macapá-AP in the period of 2018. Material and methods: This is a descriptive study with a quantitative approach in which secondary data obtained from the reports of routine vaginal secretion exams from January 2018 to December 2018 were used, at the Municipal Laboratory of the Basic Health Unit of Macapá-AP. The collected information was transferred to a spreadsheet in the Microsoft Excel 2016, where the results were calculated and tabulated. Results and discussion: Patients with or without symptoms, aged 18 to 56 years, were included, Gardnerella vaginalis was observed in 133 women from 524 exams, in which it can be concluded that the age group where there was a higher index of cases was between 18 to 30 years old. Final considerations: This study aims to discuss the bacteria Gardnerella vaginalis, which is shown to be a prevalent disease among women. Thus, G. vaginalis is one of the main microorganisms that cause bacterial vaginosis that use as a door, women susceptible to this contamination.
Keywords: bacterial vaginosis, Gardnerella vaginalis, "Clue cells".
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