Início Análise das características demográficas da autoavaliação positiva de saúde na pesquisa nacional...
Número atual: 9 (2022)
Situação da gestão de saúde da população brasileira durante a pandemia covid-19: Uma revisão integrativa
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INTRODUCTION: The challenges faced during the pandemic were even greater in Brazil, due to the precariousness of the public health systems, not to mention the combination of social disproportion, with precarious housing and sanitation conditions, where most of the population has inaccessible items basics like drinking water. OBJECTIVE: This work aims to carry out an integrative review on the impacts caused by the covid-19 pandemic on health management in Brazil. REVIEW AND DISCUSSION: The present study refers to an Integrative Literature Review (IRL), based on scientific evidence, 18 articles were examined that responded to the insertion and removal criteria inserted in its formulation. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: All selected studies refer to the performance of management in the face of the covid-19 pandemic, and as managers and workers who actively acted on the front line, dealing with challenges and emerging situations, and what decision-making and preparing the SUS to deal with a pandemic. it was found that not one country in the world was prepared for a pandemic, but the way in which each government reacted to the situation in question was a reflection for others as an example, good or bad, in the case of Brazil, this reflection was bad, requiring even subnational measures so that there was urgency in the action plans to combat the pandemic, because they had to, not only fight COVID, but also maintain care for other diseases and treatments for patients, they had to support those who could not work, through a lockdown order that only did not cover essential services and that had to comply with security determinations.
Keywords: Covid-19, Management, Pandemic.
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A importância do programa de treinamento e desenvolvimento para a melhoria do bem-estar de colaboradores de instituições de ensino
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This article presents theoretical knowledge about the importance of the training and development program to improve the well-being of employees of educational institutions. Due to technological, economic and social changes, training and development are increasingly gaining ground in these environments, where there is a perception that this tool has potential for the continuous development of people, using it to improve the company and the well-being of employees. collaborators. The study presents a review of qualitative research with a bibliographic nature, the structure had a descriptive character where the survey of information of the authors that are in books, publications in journals of scientific articles, monographs, dissertations and theses on the subject was carried out. With the research it was possible to consider many relevant aspects during the construction of knowledge in postgraduate studies in Organizational and Work Psychology. The investigation of the proposed theme was carried out from academic/scientific platforms Scielo, Psicologia e Sociedade, FUMEC, UNESP using instruments such as periodical articles, dissertations, monographs and books. The review of articles is linked to the descriptors of Training and development, Growth with T & D, Benefits in T & D. The results show a critical and synchronic discussion about the importance of training and development to improve the well-being of employees of educational institutions. Based on scientific evidence, it is understood that it is necessary to deepen knowledge, there is no intention of exhausting the discussion on the subject, but of expanding society's view of this fact, being able to investigate the importance of the training and development program for the improvement of the good -being of employees of educational institutions.
Keywords: Training and development, Growth with T & D, Benefits in T&D.
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Diretivas antecipadas de vontade: assistência aos pacientes em estado de finitude em Oncologia
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INTRODUCTION: Advance directives of will, documents that guarantee the preservation of the patient's autonomy, enabling the consent or refusal of certain treatments in the finitude stage of life. REVIEW: Integrative literature review study, and exploratory descriptive research. Articles with 5 years of publication, in Portuguese, whose main subject are advance directives of will, autonomy, terminality and palliative care are included. DISCUSSION: of the results obtained during a research carried out for the following study, three ideas were elaborated: Advance directives of communication, Dignity and autonomy and its relation with AD, Challenges in the applicability AD. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The importance of greater publicity regarding what is referred to as Advance Directives of Will and the advantages of their applicability is evidenced. It was found in the literature, the lack of knowledge of the general public and health professionals on a subject, which consequently, raises the lack of a respectful dialogue with family members and patients, regarding their rights and preservation of self-determination, depriving the patient, or adherence to end-of-life treatments.
Keywords: advance directives of will, autonomy, palliative care, terminality.
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Mortalidade por abdome agudo por causas ginecológicas em mulheres em idade fértil e o IDH das regiões brasileiras (2010-2019): um estudo ecológico
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INTRODUCTION: The acute abdomen is characterized by acute and sudden pain, with high incidence and mortality rates, and may be caused by gynecological conditions, with the quality of the service offered and timely access indicative of a good prognosis. The Human Development Index (HDI) is a measure that evaluates the human condition in three dimensions: income, education and health. OBJECTIVE: Analyze the correlation between mortality of women of childbearing age (FIM) due to gynecological acute abdomen and the HDI of the Brazilian regions from 2010 to 2019.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ecological study, which used data from DATASUS and the United Nations Development Plan. To analyze the correlation between HDI and mortality in FIM, the Spearman correlation test was performed. It was considered statistically significant p<0.05. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: 635 FIM deaths were identified in Brazil due to causes related to gynecological acute abdomen in the period. Of these, most were concentrated in the Southeast region (312 deaths) and, lastly, in the Midwest (48 deaths). However, when we stratify these data by the population exposed to risk, we observe that the North region stands out. When analyzing the HDI, we noticed significant discrepancies between the states of the Northeast and Southeast. When comparing HDIs and FIM mortality through Spearman's correlation, a correlation coefficient of R=0.038 and p value=0.835 was identified, thus highlighting that there is no correlation between these variables. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: We conclude that there was a paucity of data in the analyzed period, especially in the North region. And, although no correlations were found between mortality and the HDIs of the Brazilian regions, it is emphasized that low human development reflects a negative impact on the health of communities.
Keywords: acute abdômen, HDI, mortality.
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Política nacional de humanização do SUS: importância e implementação em unidade de nefrologia
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INTRODUCTION: The assistance to renal patients, given the various losses they experience, should be focused on biopsychosocial care, integral and continued, culminating in the effectiveness of the service performed through a multidisciplinary team. These characteristics talk to the recommended in the National Humanization Policy (PNH). OBJECTIVE: Therefore, the present study aims to investigate whether humanization strategies based on the axes and principles of PNH are known, applied and valued in the context of care for nephropathic patients, under the view of the professionals of the nephrology unit of the SUS in Brasília-DF. Methods: Descriptive exploratory study, qualitative approach and phenomenological method, with author’s authorship form produced based on PNH guidelines. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: High valuation of PNH was identified, especially to the guidelines that converge in the interpersonal treatment and quality of aesthetic and ethical service, with no significant difference between professional categories. Less importance was given to political guidelines, corresponding to group, advisory and horizontal decision-making processes. Regarding the implementation of PNH in the sector, the perception of the interviewees reflects the aforementioned results, adding deficit in individualized care and collaboration between professionals and users in decision-making processes. As for the declared knowledge of the PNH, multiprofessional residents, absolutely, affirmed to know the policy while the effective professionals and medical residents mostly did not know it. Concerning the referral of humanized actions in the sector by professional category, observed self-administered bias in the feasibility of these actions. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: There is an appreciation of the PNH in the sector, since the practical actions are perceived in a superficial way and focused on the operationalization of the service, with deficit as the understanding/ practice of the integrality of the assistance and its political character. There was a lack of management, lack of dialogue between professionals-management-users and deficit in continuing education in care.
Keywords: nephrology, humanization of assistance, national humanization policy.
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Psicologia e a educação em saúde
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This paper aims to discuss the main ways in which Psychology contributes to the field of Collective Health, with emphasis on primary health care in the area of health education. Some concepts of health education will be presented, in addition to exposing some of the main actions and programs aimed at health education in the Brazilian context, finally, the role of psychology in primary care will be discussed, with activities aimed at Health education.
Keywords: health education, primary care, psychology.
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Aspectos psicológicos e sociais que contribuem para dificuldade no acesso de pacientes renais crônicos ao transplante renal
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INTRODUCTION: The research explains the concept of kidney disease, quality of life promotion indexes linked to transplant treatment, as well as the social and psychological factors that permeate the process of kidney disease. OBJECTIVE: to investigate the causality relationship between social and psychological factors with low adherence to treatment in kidney transplantation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Exploratory study with a qualitative and quantitative approach analyzed by the method of content analysis of Bardin with application of two questionnaires of own authorship, produced with focus on collecting psychological and social aspects related to renal transplants. RESULTS: We found cohesive sociodemographic profiles among participants, with no greater disparities between users, with no factors that brought benefits or losses. Regarding the psychological aspects, it was found the presence of emotional factors related to the elaboration of mourning, feelings of less value, conflicts with self-image, impairment in autonomy and anxiety and depressive symptoms that may or may not be related to low adherence to renal transplantation. CONCLUSIONS: The influence of psychological and social factors on the reduced level of adherence to transplantation is observed However, the deficits related to the public health system stand out, in relation to the non length of regulations regarding the referral of patients to the transplant center and effective health education programs.
Keywords: Renal transplantation, Psychological aspects, Chronic kidney disease, Hemodialysis.
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Contribuições do tratamento ortodôntico em pacientes com doenças periodontais
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INTRODUCTION: The interaction between Orthodontics and Periodontics can contribute efficiently to dental treatment, being able to provide patients with periodontal disease, conditions so that periodontite health can restabilize and restore satisfactory occlusion. REVIEW: The present work proposed to evaluate, through literature review, such as articles, theses and books related to the subject, orthodontic treatment in patients with periodontal disease. DISCUSSION: From the information obtained it was possible to conclude that the orthodontic-periodontal union brings many benefits to the periodontium, by increasing the insertion capacity of periodontal ligament fibers to root surfaces, and thus establishing contact between the tooth and its respective alveolus. It should be emphasized that these benefits are considerable, provided that the biomechanical principles of orthodontics and the biological limitations of the periodontium are respected. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: Finally, the present work showed that orthodontic treatment can be complementary to periodontal treatment, helping the patient to control biofilm and enabling a functionally and aesthetically stable occlusion.
Keywords: orthodontic treatment, periodontal treatment, ortho-perio union.
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Bacteriocinas como bioconservador alimentario: características generales y aplicación en alimentos
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INTRODUCTION: Nowadays consumers´ demand for reduction of synthetic preservatives in food is increasing, but products at the same time need to continue to guarantee their safety. For this reason, there is a growing interest in the food industry for bioconservation. Among the different forms of biopreservation, bacteriocins, secondary metabolites produced by lactic acid bacteria, can be used. REVIEW: The aim of this review is describe the general characteristics that define bacteriocin produced by lactic acid bacteria, as well as their mode of action and applicability in the food industry in the main food groups. DISCUSSION: Several studies demonstrate its effectiveness in safely extending the shelf life of foods, due to its great ability to inhibit or slow down the growth of pathogenic and important spoilage microorganisms, such as Listeria monocytogenes or Escherichia coli. This way of bioconservation can be applied to meat products, dairy products, vegetables, seafood and beverages such as beer or wine. In addition, the use of bacteriocins show a great advantage when it is combined with heat treatments, since they allow the application of milder treatments, thus reducing the organoleptic damage that could occur in the quality of the food. CONCLUSION: The incorporation of bacteriocin to different foods allows their safe preservation and has a promising function as possible substitutes for traditional synthetic preservatives.
Keywords: Bacteriocins, lactic acid bacteria, additives, natural antimicrobials, food safety.
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Estudo de casos múltiplos para identificação de alterações cognitivas em pacientes pós-infecção por COVID-19
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BACKGROUND: The extent of the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic for patients who survived the infection still needs to be evaluated, both in physical terms and in terms of psychological functioning. OBJECTIVE: This research aimed to investigate possible cognitive changes after being infected by COVID-19. METHODS: 3 case studies were carried out with participants who had COVID-19, with no history of cognitive difficulties prior to the infection. In each case, a Psychological Assessment process was carried out consisting of life history, anamnesis and application of the Wechsler Abbreviated Intelligence Scale and the Brazilian version of the Bells Cancellation Test. RESULTS: The results showed that all participants had post-COVID-19 cognitive changes, especially changes in executive functions that were significant and independent of the severity of symptoms presented during the period of COVID-19 involvement. CONCLUSIONS: All participants have a history of successful professional and social performance, with significant changes after the COVID-19 infection, corroborating the literature regarding the potential neurological effects of the new coronavirus.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, Cognitive Dysfunction, Applied Psychology.
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